昆明方言形容词构词重叠与构形重叠探析

An Analysis on Lexical Reduplication and Morphological Reduplication of Adjectives in Kunming Dialect

昆明方言形容词重叠形式丰富,使用频率高。既包括重叠式形容词又包括形容词的重叠式,前者是构词重叠,后者是构形重叠,二者容易相混需加以区分。通过构词重叠,重叠式形容词可构成7个小类:ABB式、AABB式、ABAC式、A里AB式、A咪A眼式、老AA式、老A八A式;通过构形重叠,形容词的重叠式可构成5个小类:AA式、ABB式、AABB式、ABAB式、A了A式。重叠后语义色彩上多含中性或贬义少数含褒义,语法功能上多充当谓语、定语、状语、补语。

The reduplication forms of adjectives in Kunming dialect are abundant and used frequently,which include reduplication adjectives as well as reduplication forms of adjectives. The former is the lexical reduplication and the later is the morphological reduplication. Both of them would be mixed easily and need to be distinguished. Through the lexical reduplication,reduplication adjectives can constitute seven subcategories： ABB/AABB/ABAC/Ali AB/Ami Ayan/lao AA/lao Aba A; By the morphological reduplication,reduplication forms of adjectives can constitute five subcategories： AA/ABB/AABB/ABAB/Ale A. After reduplication,the semantic color contains neutral or derogatory or commendatory,the grammar function plays a role in predicates,attributives,adverbials,and complements.