橘皮汤及其变方的古今应用

Ancient and Modern Application of Orange Peel Soup and Its Variant

橘皮汤是汉代医圣张仲景创制的名方,首载于《金匮要略》。因其药物组成简单、取材方便、不良反应小而应用广泛。古医籍中常用于治疗胃中寒冷、呕吐恶心、呃逆嗳气等。现临床用于妊娠恶阻、化疗后恶心呕吐、各类临床顽固性呃逆等。该方虽药物组成简单,仅有橘皮、生姜两味药,但因此二味药物均为药食两用食材。取材方便、制作简单、疗效良好日益被临床所推崇。方中使用橘皮,根据现代研究表明可对离体、在体胃肠运动直接抑制,缓解平滑肌痉挛。生姜,现代研究表明生姜有很好的温胃散寒之用,改善食欲、促进消化液分泌,镇痛镇吐。此二味合用温中和胃、降逆止呕亦可清肺化痰、行气止咳等。另该方剂可作为药膳代茶饮,起到保健治疗之用。通过查阅文献资料,该文对橘皮汤及其变方的古今应用加以总结,以期一定程度上指导临床运用。

Orange peel soup is a famous prescription created by Medical saint Zhang Zhongjing in the Han Dynasty. It was firstly published in the ＂Synopsis of Golden Chamber＂. It is widely used due to its simple composition, convenient materials, and low toxic and side effects. Ancient medical books are often used to treat cold stomach,nausea, vomiting,rebellious hernia and so on. Now it is clinically used for pregnancy resistance, chemotherapy, nausea and vomiting, and all kinds of clinical refractory reversal. Although the drug composition of this party is simple, there are only two flavors of orange peel and ginger, but the two flavors are both dual-use foods. Because it is easy to draw and simple to produce, it is increasingly respected by the clinic. The modern research shows that it can directly inhibit in vitro and in vivo gastrointestinal motility and relieve smooth muscle spasm. And the modern research shows that ginger has a good warm effect, which can improve the appetite and promote secretion of digestive juice. The combination of the two can also warm middle, invigorate the stomach, clear the lungs, and relieve the cough and so on. In addition, the prescription can be used as a tea for healthcare. The paper summarizes the ancient and modern application of orange peel soup and its variants by referring to the literatures, in order to guide the clinical application to a certain extent.