2015年海南东寨港红树林湿地鸟类调查

Bird survey in of mangrove swamp Dongzhaigharbor of Hainan Island in 2015

湿地鸟类调查是评价湿地生态系统健康的基础,该研究调查了2015年内东寨港红树林湿地鸟类的种类与数量,共记录到鸟类12目34科85种,8043只次。与往年记录相比,鸟类数据变化较大。年内调查结果分析,无论是鸟类物种数目还是个数,东寨港红树林湿地鸟类均存在季节变化,一般是冬季多夏季少,变化趋势是冬季>秋季>春季>夏季。鸟类数量在2月、11月、12月、3月最多,均超1000只以上;7月、5月、8月、1月最少,数量在160~190只之间。苍鹭、大白鹭、普通翠鸟等常见性鸟类专项调查显示,鸟类多集中在三江片、塔市区退潮后的滩涂以及夏塘村水稻田觅食,涨潮后在红树林上栖息。黑脸琵鹭为全球濒危鸟类,时隔7年后再次在东寨港红树林观测到,说明红树林湿地生态系统质量有了较明显的提升。

Wetland bird survey is a basic important information in assessing the health of wetland ecosystem.Bird survey in Dongzhaigang mangrove swamp was carried out through the whole year of 2015. All birds belong to 12 orders,34 families,85 species and totally 8043 birds were monitored. Both bird numbers and bird species changed much comparing to former studies from 1990 to 2010. Bird diversity shows significant seasonal changes,with more number of both birds and species in wintering seasons than in summer. The basic changing trend of bird numbers is winterautumnspringsummer. There were more than 1000 birds in February,November, December and April,between 160 ~190 in July,May,August and January. Local common bird survey showed that most birds,such as Himantopus himantopus,Ardea cinerea,Alcedo atthis,prefer to stay at Tashi, Sanjiang and Xiatang for food and shelters. Ardea alba and Platalea minor were also monitored in Xiatang. What＇s more,we first monitored Platalea minor,one of the most endangered species,after 7 years of absence in Dongzhaigang mangrove swamp. Bird diversity assessment showed there were a significant improvement in both bird numbers and species.