血液检验在贫血诊断与鉴别诊断中的价值分析

Analysis of Value of Blood Test in Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Anemia

目的探究血液检验对于贫血诊断以及鉴别诊断的价值。方法随机选取该院在2015年1月—2017年12月期间前来进行血液检查的患者158例根据贫血种类的不同分为缺铁性贫血症组和地中海贫血症组进行研究,将正常人血液指标作为对照,进行血液中MCH,RDW,RBC,MCV,RBC/MCV,Hb等指标的分析。结果地中海贫血症组患者的MCH水平(8.1±0.79)pg显著低于正常水平(22.6±1.8)pg,缺铁性贫血症组与正常水平相比差异无统计学意义(t=1.012,P>0.05);缺铁性贫血组患者的RDW(22.4±1.8)%显著高于正常水平(13.9±1.5)%,地中海贫血症组患者与正常水平相比差异无统计学意义(t=1.511,P>0.05);地中海贫血症组患者的RBC与RBC/MCV均显著高于缺铁性贫血症患者以及正常水平,而缺铁性贫血组患者与正常水平相比差异无统计学意义(t=1.414,P>0.05);地中海贫血症患者于缺铁性贫血症患者的MCV水平相比并无显著差异且均显著低于正常水平(t=8.093,P<0.05);缺铁性贫血症患者的Hb水平显著低于地中海贫血症患者以及正常水平,而地中海贫血症患者的水平与正常水平相比差异无统计学意义(t=2.021,P>0.05)。结论 MCH,RDW,RBC,MCV,RBC/MCV,Hb均可作为贫血诊断的指标,在区分诊断不同类型的贫血中具有很显著的作用,值得临床参考。

Objective This paper tries to explore the value of blood tests for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of anemia. Methods 158 patients who had blood tests in this hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were random selection and divided into two groups： iron deficiency anemia group and thalassemia group according to the type of anemia.The normal blood parameters were taken as for comparison, analysis of MCH, RDW, RBC, MCV, RBC/MCV, Hb and other indicators in blood was performed. Results The patients with thalassemia had a significantly lower MCH（8.1±0.79） pg than normal（22.6±1.8） pg, and there was no significant difference between the iron deficiency anemia group and the normal level（t=1.012, P〈0.05）. The RDW（22.4±1.8）% in patients with iron deficiency anemia was significantly higher than the normal level（13.9±1.5）%, and there was no significant difference between the patients with thalassemia and normal levels（t=1.511,P〈0.05）; RBC and RBC/MCV in patients with anemia were significantly higher than those in patients with iron deficiency anemia and normal levels, while patients with iron deficiency anemia were not significantly different from normal levels（t=1.414, P〈0.05）; There was no significant difference between patients with anemia in MCV levels in patients with iron deficiency anemia and were significantly lower than normal levels（t=8.093, P〈0.05）; Hb levels in patients with iron deficiency anemia were significantly lower than those in thalassemia The patients and the normal level, while the level of thalassemia patients had no significant difference compared with the normal level（t =2.021, P〈0.05）. Conclusion MCH, RDW, RBC,MCV, RBC/MCV, and Hb can be used as an indicator of anemia diagnosis. It has a significant effect in differentiating different types of anemia and is worthy of clinical reference.