髌下脂肪垫来源间充质干细胞软骨分化的研究进展

Research progress of infrapatellar fat pad derived adipose stem cells differentiating into cartilage

间充质干细胞(MSCs)为重点的组织工程学研究已成为软骨损伤修复与再生的研究热点,髌下脂肪垫(IPFP)是脂肪间充质干细胞(ASCs)的新型优良组织来源,其取材方便,供区损伤小。且IPFP-ASCs体外增殖快,成软骨分化能力较强。低氧,转化生长因子β1、β3,骨形态发生蛋白7等可以促进其分化。体内试验表明其可以有效改善软骨损伤患者症状,提高关节功能。虽然目前仍存在生物学和技术上的困难需克服,但IPFP-ASCs有望成为修复包括骨关节炎在内的关节软骨损伤的良好策略。

Tissue engineering approaches for promoting the repair of cartilage lesions have focused on cell-based therapies involving mesenchymal stem cells（ MSCs）. Infrapatellar fat pad（ IPFP） is an attractive cell resource of the adipose mesenchymal stem cells（ ASCs）,which can be collected and harvested by a convenient and minimally invasive procedure. The proliferation of IPFP-ASCs in vitro is fast and the ability to differentiate into cartilage is relatively strong. Hypoxia,TGF-β1,TGF-β3,BMP-7 have been proved to be able to enhance the chondrogenesis of infrapatellar fat pad derived adipose stem cells. In vivo studies indicate that application of IPFP-ASCs can effectively improve symptoms of cartilage injury and joint function.Although there are biological and technical difficulties to be overcome,the implantation of IPFP-ASCs are expected to become a good strategy to repair articular cartilage injury,including osteoarthritis.