数字技术环境下美国图书馆著作权例外示范条款借鉴

Reference on the Model Clauses of US Library Copyright Exception under the Environment of Digital Technology

图书馆著作权例外条款是实现图书馆公共职能的法律保障,是知识产权利益平衡机制的具体体现。我国现行的《著作权法》为图书馆只规定了"保存"例外,对"替换"例外、数字文献传递、馆际互借等使用作品的行为并没有规定著作权例外,导致很难满足图书馆在数字环境下开展其业务的实际需求。美国《版权法》正在修订关于图书馆著作权例外条款,在其最新的讨论稿中包含的图书馆例外的示范条款为数字环境下图书馆、档案馆和博物馆提供了广泛的实际利益。《著作权法》第三次修订应回应新技术带来的法律风险,同时适当借鉴美国《版权法》最新发展动态来完善我国的图书馆的著作权例外规定,对图书馆界应对数字化技术带来的新挑战具有现实意义。

Library copyright exception clause,as the legal guarantee to realize the public function of library,also embodies the balance mechanism for the benefit of intellectual property right. The Copyright Law in China at present only stipulates the exception of ＂preservation＂for the library,and has no exception stipulations for other behaviors using the books such as ＂replacement＂,digital document transfer,or interlibrary services etc,so it is difficult to satisfy the practical need of the library to carry out its business in the digital environment. US Copyright Law is now revising the exception clause about library copyright,and in its latest discussion draft,the model clauses for library exception may provide extensive practical benefit for libraries,archives,and museums. The third revision of Copyright Law should make response to the legal risks brought by the new technology,and at the same time,and borrow the newest dynamic development of US Copyright Law to complete the exception stipulations for the library copyright in China. This effort will have practical significance for libraries to face the challenges brought by digital technology.