肝细胞癌的免疫治疗

Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

在过去的10年里,肝细胞癌(HCC)系统治疗的进步归功于分子靶向治疗的应用及免疫治疗的提高。HCC所处的免疫抑制微环境使肝癌细胞逃逸免疫系统的攻击,这亦为肝癌发展的重要原因,通过提高针对HCC的免疫杀伤能力,纠正免疫抑制状态是HCC免疫治疗的策略。HCC特异性抗原为基础的肿瘤疫苗治疗、基因工程改造的T淋巴细胞治疗、免疫检查点抑制剂的基础研究及临床转化使免疫治疗效果较过去有了显著提高。免疫治疗联合其他抗肿瘤治疗方法如局部消融、分子靶向治疗或肿瘤疫苗等综合治疗模式值得进一步探索。

In the past 10 years,the progress in systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma（ HCC） is attributed to the application of molecular target therapy and the improvement in immunotherapy. The immunosuppressive microenvironment of HCC enables HCC cells to avoid attack by the immune system,which is also an important reason for the progression of HCC. Improving immune killing of HCC and correcting immunosuppressive conditions are important strategies for immunotherapy for HCC. Tumor vaccine therapy based on HCC specific antigen,genetically engineered T lymphocytes,and basic research and bench-to-bedside translation of immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved the outcome of immunotherapy. Further studies should be performed for immunotherapy combined with other antitumor therapies such as local ablation,molecular targeted therapy,and tumor vaccine therapy.