淮北闸河矿区采煤沉陷区环境综合治理与土地高效利用实践

Comprehensive Management and Land Efficient Utilization of Coal Mining Subsidence Area in Huaibei Zhahe Mining Area

针对淮北闸河矿区煤炭资源开采带来的环境和土地利用问题,结合矿区自然环境条件和煤矿开采形成的环境现状,提出"宜城则城、宜乡则乡、宜地则地、宜水则水"的矿区环境治理理念。通过开展矿山环境保护和综合治理技术研究与大量的工程实践,转变煤矿开采区的环境固有效应,解决了矿业城市建设用地紧张、村庄发展以及失地农民的生产生活问题,实现了矿区土地高效利用,达到资源开发与环境保护并重的目的。所开展的有利于地面环境保护或治理的煤层开采前区域规划设计、先进的开采工艺,显著减小了对地面环境的破坏和影响;采空区稳定性评价和注浆加固技术,使一定区域内地面塌陷得到有效控制,实现了采煤沉陷区地面建设,缓解了矿业城市建设用地紧张的局面;对采煤塌陷积水区,参照城市湿地标准要求开展湿地建设,将采煤塌陷水域建设成为生态建设用地;实施的煤矸石充填复垦工程,既解决了矿区固废处置处理问题,同时又实现了沉陷区土地复垦。通过塌陷区环境综合治理,实现了土地高效利用,同时取得了良好的经济、环境和社会效益。

Based on the problems of the environmental and land use given rise to the exploitation of coal resources in the Zhahe mining area of Huaibei,combined with the natural environmental conditions of the mining area and the environmental conditions formed by coal mining and propose the concept of environmental management in the mining area,＂According to the difference of the geographical environment condition,the mining area is treated into different functions areas such as urban,rural,tillage,wetland＂.With the mine environmental protection and comprehensive treatment technology researches and a large number of engineering practices,the inherent environmental effects of coal mining areas have been transformed.Meanwhile the agricultural economic development problems have been alleviated resident construction land in mining areas for landless famers.It achieves the efficient use of land in the mining area and achieve the goal of both resource development and environmental protec-tion.The pre-mining area planning and advanced mining technologies that are conducive to the protection of the environment or the ground have significantly reduced the damage and impact on the ground environment;The adopted goaf stability evaluation and grouting reinforcement technology have achieved the control of ground subsidence within a certain area,achieved the ground construction of coal mining subsidence area,and eased the construction land status of mining cities.For coal mining subsidence areas,wetland construction will be carried out according to the requirements of urban wetland standards,and coal mining subsidence areas will be constructed into ecological construction land.The coal gangue filling and reclamation project was implemented and the solid waste disposal and treatment in the mine area was solved.At the same time,land reclamation in the subsidence area was realized.Through the comprehensive management of the subsidence area,the land has been efficiently utilized and good economic,environmental,and social benefits have been achieved.