表演水池鱼跃浪压力计算与试验

Calculation and experiment of diving wave pressure in performance pool

海洋馆内表演水池的透明亚克力板跨度大,侧向刚度低.虎鲸表演形成的动水压力会引起亚克力板向外变形,其量值对亚克力板的变形控制而言是关键因素.开展了表演水池鱼跃浪的缩尺模型试验,测得动水压力.与规范公式比较,提出了表演水池鱼跃引起动水压力的计算方法.还采用实测动水压力对鱼跃过程中亚克力板的受力变形进行了有限元数值模拟.试验和计算结果表明:鱼跃动水压力使亚克力板产生的侧向位移最大达到静水压力位移的88.6%,在设计时值得重视.

Due to the large span and small lateral stiffness of the transparent acrylic plate applied in aquarium performance pool,the outward deformation caused by hydrodynamic pressure becomes a critical factor to the plate′s deformation control during the Orcinus orca performing.The scale model test of performance pool suffering from diving wave is implemented,in which the hydrodynamic pressure is measured.Comparing with the specification method,a new method is proposed to calculate hydrodynamic pressure caused by diving wave in performance pool.Additionally,by using the measured hydrodynamic pressure the deformation of acrylic plate in the process of diving is simulated with finite element method.The test and simulation results show that the lateral displacement of the acrylic plate produced by diving hydrodynamic pressure can reach 88.6% of that produced by hydrostatic pressure,so attention should be paid during design.