从“知行合一”视域看王阳明的“心即理”

On Wang Yangming's “the Principle of Mind” from the Perspective of “Integration of Knowledge and Practice”

阳明心学的"知行合一"与"心即理"密不可分,只有理解了"知行合一",才能真正理解"心即理"。"知行合一"的"知"与"行"指向同一件事,它具有六个特征,即全神贯注、谨慎恐惧、无思无虑、明觉精察、觉察天理和各尽本分。"心"是人生命的主宰。人生命有三个层次,即生物生命、社会生命和本体生命。人的本体生命有五种倾向,即生生不已的倾向、自我呈现的倾向、追求"理"的倾向、追求深度的倾向和追求广度的倾向。人生命的倾向就是生命的条理。人在"知行合一"时,就是由生命的条理来主宰,因此王阳明说"心即理"。从"知行合一"来理解"心即理",关键是要做到"信得及"。

The ＂integration of knowledge and action＂ and ＂principle of mind＂ in Yangming＇s mind studies are inseparable. Only when we understand the ＂integration of knowledge and practice＂ can we really understand ＂mind is principle＂. The ＂knowing＂ and ＂doing＂ of ＂integration of knowledge and practice＂ refer to the same thing, and it has six characteristics. That is, concentration, cautious fear, no thought, awareness, awareness of God and each doing his part. ＂Mind＂ is the master of human life. Human life has three levels, biological life, social life and noumenon life. There are five tendencies in human noumenon life, that is, the unceasing tendency to live, the tendency to present oneself, the tendency to pursue ＂reason＂, the tendency to pursue depth and the tendency to pursue breadth. The tendency of human life is the organization of life. When people ＂know and act together＂, they are dominated by the order of life. Therefore, Wang Yangming said ＂mind is principle＂. To understand ＂mind is principle＂ from ＂the integration of knowledge and action＂, the key is to ＂get faith.＂