生命周期理论视野下民族政策实施主观认知与影响因素研究——基于11省份典型民族地区调查样本的分析

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON SUBJECTIVE COGNITION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF ETHNIC POLICY SATISFACTION——FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF LIFE CYCLE THEORY:AN ANALYSIS BASED ON A SURVEY OF TYPICAL ETHNIC REGIONS IN 11 PROVINCES

本文基于典型民族地区调查,分析居民对民族政策实施的全过程感知和满意度。研究发现,多数居民对现行民族政策了解程度不深,但民族聚居区居民对民族政策关注度较高;民族政策制定过程感知总体积极,接受性成为政策制定的主要障碍;民族政策执行以行政手段为主,政策执行公平公正和程序合理性有待提升;民族政策评估的必要性和结论可信度评价较高,评估方式方法有待完善;民族政策监督效果总体较为积极,但监督的程序和力度仍需改进。多数居民对各类民族政策的满意度较高,其中尊重少数民族的宗教信仰政策、尊重少数民族风俗习惯政策、民族团结政策、民族区域自治政策、尊重少数民族语言文字政策比较高。样本特征、政策总体感知、政策执行、政策评估、政策监督等类型变量对居民民族政策满意度影响显著,而政策制定变量的影响不显著。

Based on the investigation of typical ethnic areas, this paper analyzes the residents＇perception and satisfaction of the implementation of ethnic policies. The study finds that the majorityof residents do not have a deep understanding of the current ethnic policies, but residents who livein concentrated areas of ethnic minorities have a higher degree of attention to ethnic policies theprocess of ethnic policy formulation is generally positive in perception, and acceptability has becomethe main obstacle in policy formulation ethnic policy implementation relies mainly on administrativemeans, and the fairness of policy and the rationality of procedures should be improved the necessi-ty of assessment and the credibility of conclusion of ethic policies are highly evaluated, but its e-valuation method needs to be perfected further the overall effect of national policy supervision isrelatively positive, but its procedures and efforts still need to be improved. The majority of residentshave higher satisfaction to various kinds of ethnic policies, among which the policy of respecting thereligious beliefs of minorities, respecting for minority customs, ethnic unity, regional ethnic autono-my, respecting for minority language have a higher evaluation. The variables such as the samplecharacteristics, the overall perception of policy, the policy implementation, the policy evaluation,the policy supervision have a great influence on residents satisfaction of ethnic policies. However,the policy-making variables have no significant influence.