LED光质对菠菜生长和光合生理特性的影响

Effects of LED light quality on growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristics in spinach

通过设置白光、红光、蓝光和红蓝混合光(红光∶蓝光=1∶1)4组光源,研究不同发光二极管(LED)光质对菠菜生长、光合色素含量和叶绿素荧光参数的影响.结果表明:(1)不同光质对菠菜生长形态的影响不同,红光促进茎的伸长,抑制茎增粗,蓝光则相反;红蓝混合光能提高株高、茎粗和叶面积,促进叶片的生长发育.(2)红光促进菠菜地上部生长,抑制地下部生长;蓝光和红蓝混合光对地上部和地下部的生长均有促进作用,但蓝光对地下部生长的促进作用大于红蓝混合光;红蓝混合光处理的地下部和地上部生长较平衡,根冠比适宜.(3)红蓝混合光能促进菠菜叶片叶绿素的合成,而红、蓝单色光则相反,蓝光和红蓝混合光均有利于类胡萝卜素的合成;红蓝混合光处理下光系统Ⅱ实际光化学效率[Y(Ⅱ)]、光化学猝灭系数(q P)最高,光系统Ⅱ非调节性能量耗散的量子产额[Y(NO)]变化稳定,非光化学猝灭系数(q N)最小,说明菠菜对红蓝混合光光能的有效利用率高.综上所述,菠菜对红蓝混合光的光能利用率高,地上部生长最好,提高产量,维持地下部和地上部生长平衡.

The effects of LED light quality on growth,photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence were studied by setting white light,red light,blue light and red light ∶ blue light = 1 ∶ 1 in spinach. The results showed that（ 1） Different light quality had different effects on growth characteristics in spinach,red light promoted the elongation of spinach stems,inhibited stem thickening,and blue light was the opposite. Red and blue mixed light increased plant height,stem diameter,leaf area and leaf development.（2） Red light promoted shoot growth of spinach and inhibited the growth of the underground. Blue light and red and blue mixed light could promote the growth of the upper and underground parts,but the effect of blue light on the growth of the underground was greater than that of the red and blue mixed light. The growth of the ground and the upper part of the mixed light and blue light treatment was more balanced,and the ratio of the root and crown was suitable.（ 3） Red and blue mixed light could promote chlorophyll synthesis of spinach leaves,while red and blue monochromatic light was the opposite. Blue light and red and blue mixed light were beneficial to the synthesis of carotenoids. The actual photochemical efficiency [Y（ Ⅱ）]and photochemical quenching coefficient（ q P）of the light system II under the red and blue light treatment were the highest,the quantum yield of the non regulatory energy dissipation [Y（ NO）] of the light system II was stable and the non photochemical quenching coefficient（ q N） was the lowest,indicating that the effective utilization rate of the mixed light and light energy of the spinach to red and blue mixed light was high. The red and blue mixed light had the highest light utilization rate,the best growth of the ground part,the increase of yield,and the maintenance of the growth balance of the underground part and the ground part.