海外油气田开发特点、模式与对策

Development characteristics, models and strategies for overseas oil and gas fields

基于中国石油公司20多年来海外油气田开发的经验,全面总结了海外油气田开发的特点、开发理念、开发模式及开发方案设计策略。海外油气田开发具有项目资源的非己性、合同模式的多样性、合作方式的复杂性等10大特点。基于以追求有限合同期内产量和效益最大化为目标的海外油气田开发理念,建立了早期优先利用天然能量开发、规模建产、快速上产、高速开采、快速回收的海外油气田开发模式。确定了适应不同合同类型的海外油气田开发方案设计策略,对于矿税制合同,优先开发富集且技术难度小的资源,依据合同规定的矿费变化确定早期投资进度、上产速度、开发工作量和产量;对于产品分成合同,高速开发,稀井高产,加快投资回收;对于技术服务合同,根据投资回报率确定方案的合理产量目标和工作量,确保高峰期产量和稳产期达到合同要求。

Based on about 20 years of accumulated experience and knowledge of oil and gas field development in overseas countries and regions for China＇s oil companies, the development features, ideas, models and plan designing strategies of overseas oil and gas fields were comprehensively summarized. Overseas oil and gas field development has ten major features, such as non-identity project resource, diversity of contract type, complexity of cooperation model, and so on. The overseas oil and gas field development aims at the maximization of production and benefit during the limited contract period, so the overseas oil and gas field development models are established as giving priority to production by natural energy, building large-scale production capacity, putting into production as soon as possible, realizing high oil production recovery rate, and achieving rapid payback period of investment. According to the overseas contract mode, a set of strategies for overseas oil and gas field development plans were made. For tax systems contracts, the strategy is to adopt the mode of “first fat and then thinner, easier in the first and then harder”, that is, early investment pace, production increase rate, development workload and production were decided by the change of tax stipulated in the contract. For production share contracts, the strategy is to give priority to high production with a few wells at a high production recovery rate to increase the cost-oil and shorten the period of payback. For technical service contracts, the strategy is that the optimal production target and workload of the project were determined by the return on investment, so as to ensure that the peak production and stable production periods meet the contract requirements.