井下控制工程学概述及其研究进展

Introduction to the theory and technology on downhole control engineering and its research progress

在回顾百年来钻井工程技术发展过程的基础上,阐述了井下控制工程学产生的技术与学术背景,论述了井下控制工程学的基本问题、学科框架和主要研究内容,介绍了井下控制工程学30年来在中国的研究进展,并对井下控制工程学的未来发展方向做出展望。笔者于1988年提出"井眼轨道制导控制理论与技术"这一研究领域,并进一步于1993年提出了"井下控制工程学"这一概念。井下控制工程学是用工程控制论的观点和方法去研究和解决油气井井下工程控制问题的有关理论、技术的一个学科分支,是一个多学科交叉的应用技术领域。该学科分支由井下系统动力学与控制信号分析方法研究、井下控制机构与系统设计学和井下参数采集与传输技术研究、井下控制工程产品开发、实验方法研究与实验室建设等4部分组成,其主要研究内容也包括这4个方面。30年来笔者及研究团队在这4个方面取得若干成果和进展。作为石油天然气工程中的一个研究领域和一个学科分支,井下控制工程学正在向更大的广度和深度发展。

On the basis of reviewing the development history of drilling engineering technology over a century, this paper describes the technical and scientific background of downhole control engineering, discusses its basic issues, discipline frame and main study contents, introduces the research progress of downhole control engineering in China over the past 30 years, and envisions the development direction of downhole control engineering in the future. The author proposed the study subject of well trajectory control theory and technology in 1988, and further proposed the concept of downhole control engineering in 1993. Downhole control engineering is a discipline branch, which applies the perspectives and methods of engineering control theory to solve downhole engineering control issues in oil and gas wells; meanwhile, it is an application technology field with interdisciplinarity. Downhole control engineering consists of four main aspects; primarily, investigations about dynamics of downhole system and analysis methods of control signals; secondly, designs of downhole control mechanisms and systems, research of downhole parameters collections and transmission techniques; thirdly, development of downhole control engineering products; fourthly, development of experimental methods and the laboratories. Over the past 30 years, the author and his research group have achieved a number of progress and accomplishments in the four aspects mentioned above. As a research field and a disciplinary branch of oil and gas engineering, downhole control engineering is stepping into a broader and deeper horizon.