‘红宝石无核’与玫瑰香型葡萄杂交胚挽救技术研究

Research on embryo rescue techniques of the reciprocal crosses between 'Ruby Seedless' and muscat aroma type

为了培育玫瑰香型、无核、大粒葡萄新品种,以二倍体‘红宝石无核’葡萄做母本,二倍体‘玫瑰香’葡萄和四倍体‘巨玫瑰’葡萄作父本杂交,进行不同父本、发育培养基、萌发培养基对无核葡萄胚挽救效果影响的研究。结果显示:杂交组合‘红宝石无核’ב玫瑰香’的胚发育率和胚萌发率较‘红宝石无核’ב巨玫瑰’的要高;适于杂交组合‘红宝石无核’ב玫瑰香’‘红宝石无核’ב巨玫瑰’杂交胚发育的培养基为:Nitsch+1.5 mol/L IAA+0.5 mol/L 6-BA+0.5 mol/L GA3+60 g/L蔗糖+5 g/L琼脂+1 g/L活性炭;1/2MS和WPM均可作为‘红宝石无核’ב玫瑰香’的萌发培养基,其中1/2MS作为‘红宝石无核’ב玫瑰香’的萌发培养基效果较好。

In order to breed varieties with big berry, mascat aroma and seedless type, ovules from hybrids of ＇Red Ruby Seedless＇ ×＇Muscat Hamburg＇ and ＇Red Ruby Seedless＇ ×＇Jumeigui＇ as experimental materials. Factors including male parent selection, genotypes, development medium types and development temperature were investigated. The main results were as follows： in ＇Red Ruby Seedless＇ ×＇Muscat Hamburg＇, percentages of embryo development and germination were higher than in ＇Red Ruby Seedless＇ ×＇Jumeigui＇; the medium of Nitsch＋1.5 mol/L IAA＋0.5 mol/L 6-BA＋0.5 mol/L GA3＋60 g/L sucrose＋5 g/L agar＋1 g/L activated charcoal was suitable for embryo development in ＇Red Ruby Seedless＇ ×＇Muscat Hamburg＇ and ＇Red Ruby Seedless＇ ×＇Jumeigui＇. 1/2 MS and WPM could be used as the germination medium for ＇Red Ruby Seedless＇ ×＇Muscat Hamburg＇, and 1/2 MS was a better germination medium for ＇Red Ruby Seedless＇ ×＇Muscat Hamburg＇.