有机硒肥对薄皮甜瓜香气成分和营养品质的影响

Effect of organic selenium fertilizer on aromatic compounds and nutritional quality of oriental sweet melon(Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino)

以薄皮甜瓜新品种(系)‘G6×4’为试材,研究叶面喷施不同浓度有机硒肥对薄皮甜瓜香气成分和营养品质的影响。以喷施清水为CK(对照),叶片喷施有机硒浓度分别为6、12、18、24和30 mg·L^(-1)。结果表明,有机硒肥处理对甜瓜果实的香气种类和含量具有显著的影响。乙酸己酯、2,3-丁二醇-二乙酸酯、3-(甲硫基)乙酸丙酯、辛醇、3-羟基丁酮等特征香气成分的含量随着有机硒肥处理先升高后下降,在有机硒质量浓度12~18 mg·L^(-1)处理下,甜瓜果实的特征香气成分含量相对较高。有机硒质量浓度18~24 mg·L^(-1)时,有助于甜瓜果实可溶性固形物等营养物质含量的提高。综上所述,叶面喷施18 mg·L^(-1)有机硒是提高薄皮甜瓜香气成分和营养品质的适宜施硒处理。

A foliar spraying experiment was carried out to study the effects of organic selenium fertilization on the aromatic compounds and nutritional quality of the ‘G 6-4’ oriental sweet melon fruits. Spraying the same amount of water was set as CK（control） in the spraying concentration test, organic selenium with different concentration（6, 12, 18, 24 or 30 mg·L^（-1））were respectively applied on the leaves of the oriental sweet melon. The results showed that under the different organic selenium levels, the varieties and contents of the fruits＇ aromatic compounds were significantly different. The contents of the characteristic aromatic compounds, such as acetic acid-hexyl ester, 2, 3-Butanediol-diacetate, 3-（Methylthio） propyl acetate and 1-octanol, were increased at first and then decreased under the increase of the organic selenium application levels. Under the 12-18 mg·L^（-1） organic selenium level, the contents of the characteristic aromatic compounds were relatively high. The level of organic selenium（18-24 mg·L^（-1）） was helpful to improve the nutrient content of fruits. In conclusion, spraying 18 mg·L^（-1） organic selenium on the leaf surface was a suitable organic selenium treatment for improving the aroma components and nutritional quality of oriental sweet melon.