土地承包经营权信托模式重构

Reconstruction of trust mode of land contractual management right

信托制度日趋完善和土地流转的革新需要为土地信托提供了土壤。土地信托中,农民保留了土地承包权,转移土地经营权。现行土地信托模式存在政府干预度过高、损害受益人权利、结构理想化、村委会性质模糊等问题。土地信托应当采取专业合作社加商业信托公司模式,既能尊重农民意愿、维护信托财产独立性,又能发挥商业信托公司的高效性,增强竞争力。农民以土地权益入股专业合作社,专业合作社将土地委托给商业信托公司经营管理。政府应当为农民提供就业帮助,信托公司应当将一部分收益用于农田维护。

The increasingly perfect trust system and the innovation of land transfer need to provide support to land trust. In land trust, the peasants retained the land contractual rights and transferred the land management rights. In current model of land trust, there are problems such as excessive government intervention, damage to beneficiaries＇ rights, structure idealization and ambiguity of village committee＇s nature. Land trusts should take the form of professional cooperatives and commercial trust companies, which can not only respect the wishes of peasants and safeguard the independence of trust property, but also make commercial trust companies more efficient and competitive. Peasants take land shares of professional cooperatives, and professional cooperatives entrust land to commercial trust companies. The government should provide employment assistance to peasants, and trust companies should use part of the proceeds for farmland maintenance.