家长课堂对降低东城区儿童肺炎和流感发病率及其经济效益的研究

A study on reducing the incidence of pneumonia and influenza in children in Dongcheng District by parents' class and its economic benefits

目的分析家长课堂对降低东城区肺炎和流感发病率及其经济效益的效果。方法选择2015年10月~2016年10月参加过家长课堂2400个家庭的3856例儿童设为实验组;将同期未参加过家长课堂的2400个家庭的3690例儿童设为对照组。对比两组肺炎、流感发生率和效益成本比。结果实验组3856例中,1个月内发生流感137例,发生率为3.55%(137/3856),发生肺炎28例,发生率为0.73%(28/3 856)。对照组3690例中,1个月内发生流感430例,发生率为11.65%(430/3 690),发生肺炎54例,发生率为1.46%(54/3 690)。1个月内实验组肺炎和流感发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2分别为22.082和11.855,P均<0.01)。实验组直接医疗费用(88.16±20.18)元,间接费用(221.16±88.51)元,对照组直接医疗费用(425.56±121.46)元,间接费用(880.55±236.38)元,实验组医疗费用较少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论家长课堂能够有效降低流感和肺炎发生率,减少医疗费用,值得推广。

Objective To analyze the effects of parents＇ class on reducing the incidence of pneumonia and influenza and its economic benefits in Dongcheng District.Methods 3856 children from 2400 families who participated in parents＇ class from October 2015 to October 2016 were selected as experimental group.In the same period,3690 children from 2400 families who did not participate in parents＇ class were selected as control group.And then,the incidence of pneumonia,influenza and benefit-cost ratio between the two groups were compared.Results Among the 3856 cases in the experimental group,influenza occurred in 137 cases in 1 month,incidence rate was 3. 55%（ 137/3856）,and pneumonia occurred in 28 cases,incidence rate was 0.73%（ 28/3856）.In 3690 cases of the control group,influenza occurred in 430 cases in 1 month,the incidence rate was 11.65%（ 430/3690）,and pneumonia occurred in 54 cases,the incidence rate was 1.46%（ 54/3690）. The incidence of pneumonia and influenza in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group in one month,difference was statistically significant（ χ^2= 22.082 and 11.855 respectively,all P〈0.01）.The direct medical cost of the experimental group was（ 88.16±20.18） yuan,indirect costs（ 221.16±88.51） yuan,and the direct medical cost of the control group was（ 425.56±121.46） yuan,indirect costs was（ 880.55±236.38） yuan,medical cost of the experimental group was less than that of the control group,difference was statistically significant（ P〈0.001）.Conclusion Parents＇ class can effectively reduce the incidence of influenza and pneumonia,reduce medical cost,which is worth promoting.