不同拦石槽参数落石运动轨迹分析与拦石槽优化设计

Trajectory Analysis of Different Rock Blocking Parameters and Optimization Design of Rock Block

近年来,我国山区建设加速发展,落石灾害频发,研究落石的运动轨迹及相关运动参数(包括速度、动能等),对落石灾害的有效防治能够起到积极的作用.本文对落石运动计算进行了假定,通过优化拦石槽槽底铺设材质,运用落石计算分析软件分别分析了几种情况下的落石运动轨迹及相关运动参数.分析结果表明,若不采取拦截措施,落石将会造成重大灾害;当拦石槽底为岩基时,落石撞击防护网时的速度为34.4 m/s、动能为2 956.75 k J、撞击点高度为18.89 m,均超出了防护网的拦截能力;当拦石槽底为粗砾块石时,落石撞击防护网时的速度为14.8 m/s、动能为544.9 k J、撞击点高度为2.76 m,速度和动能均在拦截范围之内但撞击点略高;当拦石槽底为岩屑时,落石将停止在上层拦石槽的边缘,此方案能达到拦截目的;当拦石槽底为土层时,落石将停在上层拦石槽内能量被松散土层吸收转化为其他形式的能量,此方案亦可行,但山区取土困难将增加施工难度.

The construction of mountain areas in China has accelerated and the rockfall disasters occur frequently in recent years. The study of the trajectory of rockfall and the related motion parameters（including speed, kinetic energy, etc.） can play an active role in the effective prevention and control of rockfall disasters. In this paper, the calculation of rockfall motion is assumed. By optimizing the material of the bottom of the block trough, the rockfall trajectory and related motion parameters are analyzed with the rock fall calculation and analysis software. The results show that if the interception measures are not taken, the rockfall will cause heavy disasters, when the bottom of the block is a rock base, The velocity of the rockfall impact protection net is 34.4 m/s, the kinetic energy is 2956.75 k J, the height of the impact point is 18.89 m, which all exceed the interception ability of the protective net. When the bottom of the block is coarse gravel, the velocity of the rockfall impact protection net is 14.8 m/s, the kinetic energy is 544.9 k J, the height of the impact point is 2.76 m, the velocity and the kinetic energy are all within the interception range. But the impact point is slightly higher; as the bottom of the block is the cuttings, the falling stone will stop at the edge of the upper block. This scheme can achieve the purpose of intercepting. When the bottom of the block is the soil layer, the falling stone will be stopped in the upper block trough and absorbed into other forms of energy by the loose soil layer. This scheme is also feasible, but the difficulty in obtaining soil in the mountain area will increase the difficulty of construction.