柚子内皮热解改性及其吸油性能研究

Preparation and Properties of Oil Absorbing Materials from Pomelo Peel by Pyrolysis Modification

以柚子内皮为原料,采用热解制备吸油材料,研究了材料的化学结构和微观形貌,考察了不同温度下热解柚子内皮对机油、橄榄油和菜籽油的吸油性能﹒研究表明,随着温度不断升高,柚子内皮中的半纤维素、纤维素和木质素相继热解,微孔得到增大,但在500℃下热解微孔将坍塌;对于3种油品,400℃下处理3 h时内皮颗粒的吸油倍率最高,若再延长改性时间和升高温度均会降低吸油倍率;在循环使用10次后,未热解处理和400℃下处理5 h的内皮颗粒对机油、橄榄油和菜籽油的吸油倍率分别降低了43.04%、42.11%、33.05%以及41.36%、34.92%、28.54%,热解改性提高了内皮颗粒的循环使用能力﹒

The pomelo peel was used to prepare oil-absorbing material by pyrolysis modification, its chemical structure and micromorphology of oil absorbing materials were studied, and the absorption of engine oil, olive oil and rapeseed oil on grapefruit endothelium treated at different temperatures were investigated. The research shows that the hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin in the grapefruit endotherm will be pyrolyzed in succession, and the micropores in materials will increase with the temperature increases. But the micropores should be collapsed at 500 ℃. For three kinds of oils, the oil absorption rate of grapefruit endothelial particles treated at 400 ℃for 3 h was highest. If the pyrolysis time is prolonged or the modification temperature is increased, the oil absorption rate will be reduced. After repeated use of 10 times, the oil absorption rate of untreated pomelo endothelium on engine oil, olive oil, and rapeseed oil were declined by 43.04%, 42.11%, 33.05% respectively, while pomelo endothelium treated at 400 ℃for 5 h, declined by 41.36%, 34.92%, 28.54%, the recycling ability of pomelo peel by pyrolysis was enhanced.