2018年NICE咽喉痛(急性)抗菌药物处方指南解读(一)——抗菌药物处方选用和自我保健方案

Choice of Antibiotic and Self-care:Interpretation of the 2018 NICE Guideline for Antibiotic Prescription for (Acute) Sore Throat(Ⅰ)

咽喉痛是耳鼻咽喉科常见疾病,抗菌药物治疗是临床医生的主要手段。抗菌药物选用的单一性和疗程的不规范导致了越来越多的不合理用药的发生。咽喉痛(急性)抗菌药物处方是英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(NICE)2018年1月最新发布的指南,此指南详细制定了治疗急性咽喉痛的抗菌药物处方策略,其目的是限制抗菌药物的应用,减少抗菌药物耐药性发生。因其引用的2014的研究报告中60%的患者均是咽喉痛,故此指南对咽喉痛的症状和治疗所给出的抗菌药物选用标准清晰明确,非常适合耳鼻咽喉科和全科医生使用。本文就此指南中急性咽喉痛抗菌药物的选用和自我保健方案,结合相关文献进行复习。

Sore throat is a common otolaryngological problem mainly treated by antibiotics.Repeated and prolonged use of the same kind of antibiotic lead to antimicrobial resistance or other adverse events.The antibiotic prescription for acute sore throat,its guidance published in January 2018,details the antimicrobial prescribing strategies for acute sore throat,aims at limiting antibiotic use and reducing antimicrobial resistance.Because 60% of the patients cited in the 2014 study reported sore throats,the guideline gives clear recommendations for management and antibiotic treatment of sore throats,which is suitable for ENT doctors and general practitioners.This article reviews the selection of antimicrobial agents and self health care plan for acute sore throat in this guide,combined with relevant literature.