经食管支架植入术反流性食管炎大鼠模型的建立与探讨

Establishment and exploration of the rat model of reflux esophagitis through esophageal stent implantation

目的改进贲门钢圈置入固定术构建反流性食管炎(reflux esophagitis,RE)大鼠模型的方法,并探讨经食管介入的可行性与有效性。方法选用SD大鼠30只,随机分为模型组和对照组。模型组采用经食管支架植入术:将钢圈固定于鞘管,从口腔经食管送钢圈于贲门处,然后用鱼线缝合固定。对照组采用食管气囊扩张术,气囊沿导丝插入食管内定位于胃食管交界处,给气囊充气维持10 min。术后对动物持续喂养观察及测量体质量,于4周后取得食管标本进行病理学研究。结果病理检查结果示,模型组和对照组在术后食管均有明显的病理改变,大鼠食管黏膜组织出现较明显的病理改变和炎症病变,以食管下段为主;模型组病理改变较对照组严重,但存活率较对照组低。结论经食管支架植入术可成功制作出具有RE的大鼠模型。该模型食管病变特征显著,手术难度较小,对大鼠创伤轻,表明该造模方法具有较强的可行性和推广价值。

Objective To improve the technique of cardiac steel ring implantation and fixation,and to establish the rat modeling method of reflux esophagitis（ RE）,and to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of esophageal stent implantation. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into the model group and control group. The rats in model group were treated by esophageal stent implantation： a steel ring was fixed on a sheath and pushed from the mouth to the cardia through esophagus,and then it was fixed with fish line suturing. The rats in control group were treated by esophageal balloon dilatation： a balloon was inserted along the guide wire into esophagus and localized in the gastroesophageal junction,then the balloon was inflated to maintain 10 minites. After operation,nursing observation and weight measurement were carried out on the animals,and the pathological changes of the esophageal specimens were obtained after 4 weeks. Results The pathological examination showed that both two groups had obvious pathological changes in esophagus. Pathological changes and inflammatory lesions,especially in the lower esophagus,were obviously observed in the esophageal mucosa of the rats. And the pathological changes in the model group were more serious than that in the control group,while,the model group had a low survival rate. Conclusion Using esophageal stent implantation could successfully produce the rat model of RE,which has the features of significant pathological changes in esophagus,relatively simple operation and light trauma with the rats,showing that the modeling method is feasible and worth popularization.