大学校园的健康服务功能及要素构成--以北京为例

Healthy Service Functions and Elements of Universities——Taking Beijing as an Example

作为教学科研场所的大学校园,可以提供重要的健康服务功能。但是,除了为师生提供服务,市民是否也应该享受大学校园提供的健康服务缺乏清晰的判定。以大学校园承载的健走、跑步等线性体育活动为研究对象,利用在线用户最多的"咕咚软件"获取运动健身活动的VGI共享数据,结合GIS分析技术,从个体属性、运动时间、运动空间、运动模式4个维度,分析行为与空间的关系,通过比对城市空间和校园空间的健身特征,对高校提供的健康服务功能进行解析,判定大学校园提供的健康服务功能。研究表明,校园空间承载着将近30%的城市健身行为,对师生和市民都具有较高的支持潜力。校园健身活动的主要空间载体是校园道路、体育设施和景观空间,空间类型多元化可以有效地促进体育活动。同时,校园的安全效应也增强了校园健身的吸引力。因此,合理有效的校园管理可以提升校园对城市的健康服务效能。

As the site for teaching and doing research, universities have abilities to provide crucialhealthy services. However, in addition to providing services for teachers and students, whethercitizens should also share the healthy services provided by universities lacks clear judgments.The paper takes the sports activities such as walking and running carried in universities as theresearch object, using the most popular online users to obtain the VGI sharing data in terms ofsports and fitness activities. Combining with the GIS technology analysis, this paper analyzesthe relationship between behavior and space from four dimensions, which include personalattributes, exercising time, sports space and sports model. Through comparing features ofurban space and campus space fitness, we analyze functions of health services offered bycolleges and universities in order to determine the health services provided by universities.Research shows that campus space carries nearly thirty percent of urban fitness behaviors aswell as has high potential support for teachers, students and citizens. The main space carriersfor campus fitness activities are the campus roads, sports facilities and landscape space. Thediversification of space types can effectively promote physical activities. Meanwhile, the safetyeffects in campus also enhances the attractiveness of campus fitness. Therefore, reasonableand effective campus management tend to improve efficiency and performance of campushealthy service.