摘要
为探讨东北老工业城市建设占用耕地的驱动力,该研究以东北老工业城市—四平市为研究区,借助GIS软件,应用核密度估计对四平市2009-2015年建设占用耕地空间格局进行分析的基础上,对其驱动力进行主成分分析;研究结果:1)2009-2015年四平市建设用地扩张了65 90.75 hm^2,平均每年增长1 098.46 hm^2,其中76.56%为耕地转化而来;2)建设占用耕地空间分布呈现"东密西疏"的特征,空间集聚程度可分为5个等级,沿城市中心、道路扩散分布,属多核心扩张。3)2009—2015年四平市建设占用耕地的驱动力分别是经济、社会、政策因素中的产业结构、人民生活水平、工业企业发展、路网密度与项目开发因子,其中,产业结构、人民生活水平是主控因子,为主要驱动力。与已有众多相关研究存在较大差异的是城市化、人口因素对其建设占用耕地的驱动较小。老工业城市计划性的经济体制与产业结构不完善是造成这种差异的根本原因。政策因素中,除路网密度、项目开发外,开发区的批准设立、行政区划的调整等也对四平市建设占用耕地具有驱动作用;应打破东北老工业城市——四平市体制性、机制性、结构性问题,减少政府干预,提高市场活力。调整四平市的产业结构及重工业在国民经济的比例,大力发展新兴产业,科学规划,提高土地集约利用程度。
In this study, Siping City, Jilin Province as an old industrial city in Northeast China, was used as the research area to analyze and discuss the driving forces of its construction occupation of arable land. Kernel density estimation was applied to analyze the spatial pattern of cultivated land used for construction in Siping City from 2009 to 2015, on the basis of which, the principal component analysis method was applied to analyze the driving forces of the cultivated land used for construction, and GIS and SPSS software were the analysis platforms. ArcG IS was used to overlay analysis of the cultivated land shape layers in 2009 and the construction land shape layers in 2015, and then we got an analysis base map with the scale of 1:2 500 000. Through the analysis we knew that in 2009-2015, the land for construction in Siping City expanded by 6 590.75 hm2, with an average annual increase of 1 098.46 hm2, of which 76.56% was converted from cultivated land. The analysis base map with the scale of 1:2 500 000 was converted to a point layer by ArcG IS, and then the Kernel density estimation method was applied to analyze the point layer. The results showed that the spatial distribution of cultivated land used for construction in Siping City presented the characteristics of being dense in east and sparse in west. The degree of spatial agglomeration could be divided into 5 levels, and spread along urban centers and roads, which was a multi-core expansion. Principal component analysis method was used to analyze the 19 indicators which were selected from the 4 aspects of economy, society, population, and policy. The results showed that the driving forces of cultivated land used for construction in Siping City from 2009 to 2015 were industrial structure, people's living standards, industrial enterprise development and road traffic divisors, which belong to economy, society, and policy factors. Among them, the industrial structure and people's living standards were the main controlling divisors and the main driving forces. Compared with many existing studies, there was a big difference that urbanization and population factors had less driving force for the cultivated land used for construction in Siping City during 2009-2015. Furthermore, due to the timeliness and instability of policy factors, some policy driving divisors were difficult to quantify and could not be included in the evaluation index system. For example, the Siping Economic Development Zone and Hongzui Economic and Technological Development Zone were established with a planning which was permitted, and 1 612 hm2 construction scope accounted for 1.14% of the total construction land area in Siping City. Moreover, the proposal of area development strategy for the integration of Sili urban areas in 2014 led to the rapid development of the connecting belt between Lishu County and Siping City, and the rapid expansion of construction land. Therefore, among the policy factors, in addition to road traffic, the establishment of development zones and the adjustment of administrative divisions also had driving effect on the occupation of cultivated land by construction in Siping City. It is necessary to break the systemic, institutional, and structural problems in Siping City, reduce government intervention, improve market vitality, adjust the industrial structure of Siping City and the proportion of heavy industry in the national economy, vigorously develop new industries, and scientifically plan to increase the intensive use of land.
作者
孟祥凤
王冬艳
李红
Meng Xiangfeng;Wang Dongyan;Li Hong(College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130061,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期225-233,共9页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41571152
41771179)
吉林省发展改革委员会项目(2017C028-2)
关键词
土地利用
地理信息系统
主成分分析
东北老工业城市
建设占用耕地
驱动力
空间格局
核密度估计
land use
geographic information system
principal component analysis
old industrial cities in Northeast China
construction occupation of arable land
driving forces
spatial pattern
kernel density estimation