外源基因导入对玉米叶片物理性状的影响

Effects of exogenous genes on the physical traits in maize(Zea mays) leaves

【目的】探讨外源基因导入对玉米叶片物理性状的影响,为转基因玉米的安全性评价提供基础资料,也为转基因玉米的科学、有效利用提供依据。【方法】在扬州大学实验农牧场种植大北农转基因(转Cry Ab和epsps基因)和大北农(对照)、IE09S034转基因(转Cry IE基因)和IE09S034(对照)、808-双抗-12-5转基因(转Cry Ab/cry2Aj和Gloevo-epsps基因)和808瑞丰-1(对照)3对玉米品种,室内测定了不同时期(苗期、穂期和花粒期)各品种叶片的蜡质含量、叶绿素含量、茸毛密度、维管束埋深及Si、K、Ca、S、P和Cl含量。【结果】转基因玉米的叶片中蜡质含量、叶绿素含量和维管束埋深较对应的常规亲本品种大,而叶片茸毛密度则较对应的常规亲本品种小。其中,穗期的大北农、IE09S034和808-双抗-12-5转基因品种叶片蜡质含量分别较对照高17.95%、48.30%和39.31%;IE09S034和808-双抗-12-5转基因品种穗期叶片的维管束埋深分别较对照高13.70%和9.21%,花粒期分别高10.81%和14.47%;IE09S034和808-双抗-12-5转基因品种穗期叶片的叶绿素含量分别较对照高18.11%和13.13%,花粒期分别高16.62%和14.61%;大北农、IE09S034和808-双抗-12-5转基因品种花粒期叶片茸毛密度分别较对照低17.70%、17.43%和17.78%。3个品种的转基因玉米叶表面元素含量均大于相应的对照。其中,与常规亲本相比,穗期大北农转基因品种叶片中Ca和S含量分别高64.71%和61.18%,IE09S034转基因品种叶片中Si、Ca、S、P和Cl含量分别高110.26%、16.67%、44.44%、46.32%和20.00%,808-双抗-12-5转基因品种叶片中Si、Ca、S和P含量分别高34.78%、50.52%、115.47%和20.41%。【结论】外源基因的导入会诱导玉米叶片相关物理性状的改变。

【Aim】We explored whether the introduction of exogenous genes has an impact on the physical properties of maize leaves,which can provide the basic information for the safety evaluation of transgenic maize and reference for the effective utilization of transgenic maize. 【Method】Three pairs of maize leaves were sampled including cv. Dabeinong transgenic maize（transgenic Cry Ab and epsps genes） vs. its untransformed isogenic form as control,cv. IE09S034 transgenic maize（transgenic Cry IE gene） vs. its unmanipulated control,and cv. 808-Shuangkang-12-5 transgenic maize（transgenic Cry Ab/cry2 Aj and Gloevo-epsps genes） vs. its unmanipualted control,cv. 808-Ruifeng-1 grown in the experimental field of Yangzhou University Agricultural Experimental Farm. The wax content,chlorophyll content,hair density,depth of vascular bundle,and contents of Si,K,Ca,S,P and Cl of these maize leaves were determined. 【Result】Regardless of the cultivar,the wax content,chlorophyll content and vascular bundle depth of transgenic maize leaves were higher than those of the untransformed controls while leaf hair density was lower. The wax content of Dabeinong,IE09S034 and 808 transgenic maize leaves at the tasseling stage were higher than that of the corresponding control by17.95%,48.30% and 39.31%,respectively. The vascular bundle depth of IE09S034 and 808 transgenic maize leaves were higher than that of the parental control by 13.70% and 9.21%,also at the tasseling stage,and 10.81% and 14.47% at the anthesis stage,respectively. The leaf chlorophyll content of IE09S034 and 808 transgenic cultivars were higher than that of the parental control by18.11% and 13.13% at tasseling stage and 16.62% and 14.61% at the anthesis stage,respectively. The hair density of Dabeinong,IE09S034 and 808 transgenic maize leaves at the anthesis stage was lower than that of the corresponding control by 17.70%,17.43%and 17.78%,respectively. The elemental contents on the leaf surface of three transgenic maize cultivars were all higher than that of the control. At the tassseling stage,Ca and S content in cv. Dabeinong transgenic maize leaves were 64. 71% and 61. 18% higher than that of the control,the contents of Si,Ca,S,P and Cl in IE09S034 transgenic maize leaves were 110. 26%,16. 67%,44.44%,46.32% and 20.00% higher than that of the control,the contents of Si Ca,S and P in 808 transgenic maize leaves were34.78%,50.52%,115.47% and 20.41% higher than that of the control,respectively. 【Conclusion】The introduction of exogenous genes can induce profound changes in the physical properties of the maize leaves.