碱法制备蔗渣纳米纤维素/丁苯橡胶复合材料性能

Properties of bagasse nano-cellulose by alkaline hydrolysis/styrene butadiene rubber composite

针对目前硫酸法制备纳米纤维素高污染、高危险、高处理成本的缺点,采用环境友好、低能耗、低成本的碱法从蔗渣中制备纳米纤维素(2-BNC),补强丁苯橡胶(SBR),并与硫酸法制备的纳米纤维素(S-BNC)以及白炭黑(silica)补强SBR的性能进行对比,探究2-BNC的加入对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,2-BNC在基体中的分散性优于silica,与SBR基体有良好的界面结合,在同等填料份数下,SBR/2-BNC硫化胶的储能模量高于SBR/silica硫化胶,损耗因子下降,耐磨耗性能更加突出,且力学性能更佳;2-BNC和S-BNC对SBR的整体补强效果相当。

The preparation of nanometer cellulose（S-BNC） by sulfuric acid hydrolysis had the disadvantages of high pollution, high risk and high treatment cost, but alkaline hydrolysis was environmentally friendly with low energy and low cost. Nano-cellulose（2-BNC） was prepared from bagasse by alkaline hydrolysis and was used to reinforce styrene butadiene rubber（SBR）. The effects of 2-BNC on the performance of SBR were investigated, and further compared with SBR/silica and SBR/S-BNC composites at the same amout of fillers. The results show that the interface between 2-BNC and SBR matrix is better than that of SBR/silica system. Under the same packing fraction, DMA test results show that the addition of 2-BNC can improve the cold resistance of SBR vulcanizate. Compared to the SBR and SBR/silica systems, the SBR/2-BNC system glass transition temperature（Tg） of move towards low temperature. At high elastic state, the modulus of SBR/2-BNC system are higher than that of SBR/silica system; SBR/BNC composites exhibited better mechanical properties and abrasion resistance compared with SBR/silica composites. At the same amount of filler, the tensile strength and elongation at break of SBR/2-BNC vulcanizate are equal to that of SBR/silica vulcanizate. The stress and tear strength of SBR/2-BNC vulcanizate are higher than that of SBR/silica vulcanizate; Scanning electron microscopy（SEM） analysis show that the 2-BNC and SBR matrix has good interfacial compatibility. Dispersity of 2-BNC is better than that of silica in the matrix. The reinforcing effect of 2-BNC on SBR has no significant difference compared with that of S-BNC.