摘要
【目的】为贵州喀斯特山区石漠化生态恢复及退耕还林的顺利实施提供科学依据,【方法】在贵州省晴隆县典型喀斯特地区采集荒地、耕地、退耕还草地、林草间作地和楸树林地的土壤样品,并对其土壤理化性质、土壤微生物量碳/氮含量、土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性进行分析。【结果】土地不同利用方式下,土壤养分含量存在差异,全磷含量退耕还草地最高,为0.95g/kg,有效磷含量耕地最高,为6.90 mg/kg,全氮、全钾、有机碳、碱解氮含量均是林草间地作最高,分别为4.61、1.19、54.98 g/kg和406.62mg/kg;速效钾含量楸树林地的最高,为179.5 mg/kg;土地不同利用方式的土壤微生物量碳含量为林草间作地>退耕还草地>楸树林地>耕地>荒地,微生物量氮含量为林草间作地>退耕还草地>楸树林地>耕地>荒地;与荒地相比,林草间作地和退耕还草地的土壤微生物量碳分别提高2.46倍和2.02倍,林草间作地和退耕还草地的土壤微生物量氮分别提高86.92%和77.07%。土地不同利用方式的土壤微生物数量存在较为明显的差异,均为细菌>放线菌>真菌。在土地不同利用方式下,土壤脲酶活性、蔗糖酶活性、磷酸酶活性均存在显著或不显著差异,过氧化氢酶活性差异均不显著。土地不同利用方式,土壤微生物群落多样性指数为耕地>林草间作地=楸树林地>退耕还草地>荒地,这种变化趋势与微生物总数的变化不一致。经相关性分析,土壤酶、微生物数量以及微生物量碳氮与土壤养分等具有较强的相关性,可用于表征土壤质量。【结论】林草间作方式具有较高的土壤微生物活性,该土地利用方式能有效改善喀斯特地区的生态环境。
[ Objective ] The present paper was conducted to provide the scientific basis for smooth implementation of stony desertification eco- logical restoration and returning farmland to forests in karst mountainous areas in Guizhou. [ Method] The physical and chemical properties, microbial biomass carbon/nitrogen content, microbial quantity and enzyme activity of soil samples collected from wasteland, farmland, retur- ning farmland to grassland, forest and grass intercropping land and Chinese catalpa forest land in Qinglong County with a typical karst charac- teristics were analyzed. [ Result] There was a difference in soil nutrients among five land utilization patterns. The highest total phosphorus content of returning farmland to grassland was 0.95 g/kg. The highest available phosphorus content of farmland was 6.90 mg/kg. The high- est total nitrogen, total potassium, organic carbon, available nitrogen content of forest and grass intercropping land was 4.61, 1.19, 54.98 g/kg and 406.62 mg/kg respectively. The highest rapidly available potassium content of Chinese catalpa forest land was 179.5 mg/kg. Soil microbial biomass carbon/nitrogen content under different land utilization patterns was forest and grass intercropping land 〉 returning farm- land to grassland 〉 Chinese catalpa forest land 〉 farmland 〉 wasteland. Soil microbial biomass carbon of forest and grass intercropping land and returning farmland to grassland increased by 2.46 times and 2.02 times compared with wasteland respectively. Soil microbial bio-mass nitrogen of forest and grass intercropping land and returning farmland to grassland was 86.92 % and 77.07 % higher than wasteland separately. There was an obvious differ-ence in quantity of different soil microbial under five land utili-zation patterns but the microbial quantity was bacteria 〉 acti-nomycetes 〉 fungi under five land utilization patterns. There was a significant difference or vel7 significant difference in ure-ase, sucrase and phosphatase activily but no difference in catalase activily under five land utilization patterns. The soil microbial communily diversily of five land utilization patterns was farmland 〉 forest and grass intercropping land - Chinese catalpa forest land 〉 returning fatal- land to grassland 〉 wasteland and the variation lrend is not consistent with variation of total microorganism. The correlation analysis showed that soil enzyme, microbial quantily and microbial biomass carbon/nitrogen were closely related to soil nutrients. [ Conclusion] The forest and grass intercropping land utilization pattern with a higher soil microbial activily can be used to effectively improve the ecological environ- ment in karst region.
作者
文小琴
舒英格
何欢
WEN Xiao-qin;SHU Ying-ge;HE Huan(College of Agricuhure Guiyang 550025,China)WEN Xiao-qin1,SHU Ying-ge1 *,HE Huan2 Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China;College of Life Science)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期1227-1233,共7页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"喀斯特山区林草间作生态恢复过程中土壤质量演变规律及其评价-以贵州"晴隆模式"为例"(31460133)
关键词
喀斯特山区
土地利用
土壤微生物量碳/氮
土壤微生物数量
土壤酶
Karst mountainous area
Land utilization
Soil microbial biomass carbon/nitrogen
Soil microbial quantity
Soil enzyme