不同撂荒耕地类型空间格局及影响因素研究——以德阳市中江县为例

Spatial Pattern of Different Abandoned Farmland and Its Affecting Factors: Taking Zhongjiang District,Deyang City as Example

【目的】本文揭示了不同类型撂荒耕地空间分异规律及影响因素。【方法】本文基于目视解译与实地调查提取撂荒耕地信息,结合GIS空间分析、景观格局多项指数和二元logistic回归模型,对中江县30个乡镇季节性、常年性撂荒地的空间格局特征及影响因素展开研究。【结果】研究区域季节性撂荒占撂荒地总面积61.9%,常年性撂荒占撂荒总面积38.1%,且撂荒地类型集中为旱地,水田占比较少;综合空间格局多项指数,形状复杂、面积小、空间上分散的地块易形成季节性撂荒,而常年性撂荒地多为空间分布集中、面积大的地块;地形、灌溉距离、耕作劳动力均是影响撂荒地形成和分布的重要影响因素;通过二元logistic回归模型测算表明,影响撂荒的主要因素依次为斑块面积、地形指数和灌溉距离,其中季节性撂荒与三者存在显著正向影响,而常年性撂荒与三者存在显著负向影响。【结论】撂荒耕地的分布与自身特征存在密切联系,各因素的影响程度存在显著差异。

[ Objective ] The present paper aimed to reveal the spatial patterns of different types of abandoned farmland and its influencing fac- tors. [ Method] Based on visual interpretation method to extract the abandoned farmland information, combined with GIS spatial analysis, several of the landscape pattern index and bivariate regression model of logistics, the spatial panem characteristics and influencing factors of the seasonal and perennial abandoned farmland of 30 Zhongjiang county township were studied. [ Result] The total area of seasonal aban- doned land was 61.9 % , the total area of perennial abandoned farmland was 38.1% , the types of abandoned famlland were concentrated on dtT land, and the paddy field was relatively small. Comprehensively considered spatial pattern nmltiple index, shape complex, small area and the scattered plots of space were easy to form the seasonal abandoned, but the perennial abandoned land was mostly spatial distribution concentrated and area large plot; Topography, irrigation distance and tillage labor force were all important factors affecting the formation and distribution of abandoned famlland. The calculation of the regression model of binary logistic regression model indicated that the main factors aft）cting the abandoned farmland were the area of the plaques, the terrain index and the distance of irrigation, which had a positive eft）ct with the seasonal drop and a significantly negative eft）ct with perennial waste. [ Conclusion ] The distribution of abandoned famlland was closely related to the characteristics of the cultivated land, and the affecting degree of various factors was significantly dirt）rent.