黄麻纤维/回收碳纤维混杂增强聚丙烯的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Jute Fiber/Recycled Carbon Fiber Hybrid Reinforced Polypropylene

针对回收碳纤维(RCF)再利用困难等问题,采用非织造-模压成型工艺,以黄麻纤维(JF)和RCF为增强材料、聚丙烯(PP)纤维为基体,制备绿色、环保的JF/RCF混杂增强PP复合材料。研究了RCF质量分数对复合材料力学、导热、导电性能的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜观察复合材料断面的微观形貌。结果表明,随RCF含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度呈先上升后下降的趋势,拉伸弹性模量、弯曲弹性模量、剪切强度、热导率呈上升趋势,电阻率呈下降趋势。综合考虑,当RCF质量分数为30%时,PP/JF/RCF复合材料力学性能最好,拉伸强度、拉伸弹性模量、弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量和剪切强度分别为62.30 MPa,7.26 GPa,87.37 MPa,11.27 GPa和8.44 MPa,比PP/JF分别提高197%,108%,120%,152%和84%;当其质量分数为40%时,导热、导电性能最优,热导率、体积电阻率分别为0.621 W/(m·K),0.31Ω·cm,热导率提高115%,体积电阻率下降45%。力学性能达到TBT 3263-2011动车组乘客座椅前桌台要求。研究结果为RCF再利用提供可行性方案,可拓宽复合材料的应用领域。

In order to solve the difficulty of reuse of recycled carbon fiber （RCF）, environmental RCF and jute fiber （JF） hybrid reinforced polypropylene （PP） composites were prepared by means of nonwoven process and mold-pressing technology. Then the effects of RCF mass fraction on mechanical,thermal and conductive properties of composites were studied and the morphologies of fracture surfaces of composites were observed by SEM. The results show that with the increase of RCF mass fraction,the tensile strength and flexural strength of the composites increase firstly and then decrease ; tensile modulus,flexural modulus,shear strength,thermal conductivity increase ; the resistivity decreases. The mechanical properties of PP/JF/RCF composites attain a peak while the RCF mass fraction is 30%. The tensile strength,tensile modulus,fiexural strength,fiexural modulus and shear strength are 62.30 MPa, 7.26 GPa, 87.37 MPa, 11.27 GPa and 8.44 MPa,respectively. Compared with pure JF reinforced composites,properties improve by 197%, 108%, 120%, 152% and 84%,respectively. When RCF mass fraction is 40%,the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity are optimum. The thermal conductivity and resistivity are 0.621 W/（m · K） and 0.31 Ω · cm,respectively. The thermal conductivity increases by 115% and resistivity decreases by 45%. Mechanical properties meet the requirements of TBT 3263–2011 front table of the passenger seat. This study provides feasible scheme for reuse of RCF and broadens the application field of composites.