基于点数据的大城市郊区游憩空间演化研究——以南京郊区为例

Research on Evolution of Recreational Space in Metropolitan Suburbs Based on Point-Data——A Case Study of Suburbs of Nanjing

以南京郊区为例,通过1995—2015年空间游憩节点数据的挖掘、处理与分类,运用平均城市中心距离和空间离散指数、回转半径和空间分布曲线及核密度分析等方法研究大城市郊区游憩空间演化特征.研究发现:(1)20年间南京郊区游憩节点数量增长显著,人工娱乐类游憩资源的大力开发使得南京主城周边的江宁区游憩空间明显增大;(2)南京郊区游憩节点的空间分布受城市中心引力约束趋于增强,空间上总体表现为近城分散型分布特征,其中自然景观类为资源主导的近城分散型,历史古迹、人工娱乐和休闲度假类节点分别表现为远城分散型、近城分散型和远城集中型空间分布特征;(3)南京郊区游憩节点数量随着距离的增加呈波浪式递减,期间有明显回升,游憩节点分布密度在20 km范围内最高,各类游憩节点分布密度随距离变化差异较大;(4)郊区游憩空间演化过程表现为"点—轴—面"扩张、"大聚集、大分散"的空间演化规律,各类游憩空间演化特征相异.

Taking suburbs of Nanjing as an example,this paper analyzed the spatial data of recreational node in 1995－2015 through data mining,processing and classification to reveal the evolution features of recreational space in metropolitan suburbs by using mean city center distance,spatial dispersion index,rotating radius,spatial distribution curve and nuclear density methods.In the past 20 years,the number of recreational nodes in the suburbs of Nanjing has increased sharply,and the development of recreational resources of artificial recreation makes the recreational space of Jiangning district of Nanjing increase significantly.The spatial distribution of recreational nodes in Nanjing suburbs tends to be strengthened by the urban center attraction constraint,and the overall spatial distribution of urban recreational nodes is characterized by the dispersed distribution near the city,among which,the natural landscape resource dominated node is characterized by the dispersed distribution near the city,and the historical sites,artificial entertainment and leisure vacation nodes separately show the characteristics of the dispersion distribution far from the city,the dispersion distribution near the city and the concentration distribution far from the city. With the increase of distance,the number of recreational nodes in Nanjing suburbs shows a wave decreasing trend,and the numbers increased significantly during the period. The distribution density of recreational nodes is the highest in the range of 20 km,and the distribution density of various recreational nodes varies greatly with distance. The evolution process of recreational space in the suburbs of Nanjing is characterized by＂point-axis-surface＂expansion and the＂big aggregation,large dispersion＂models,and the evolution characteristics of various types of recreation space are different.