《庄子》是功能主义者么?——从庖丁的刀说起

Is Zhuang Zi a Functionalist?——From Pao Ding's Knife

从器物设计美学角度可管窥《庄子》的思想世界:《庄子》主张"道器为一",建构以人为本、以功能美为核心的器物设计美学观;推崇材质普通、功能强大、纹饰素朴的日用功能器。工匠"依道制器"尊重物性、专一专注造器;"以道运器",在人器合一的技术展演中实现精神自主和人格独立。《庄子》对由器引发的欲求和工具理性对人的宰制深感忧虑,构想"无器"社会的理念,在当下仍具有启示价值。器物功能之美是"美""善"合一,《庄子》中蕴含着民主主义设计思想的萌芽。

Zhuang Zi tried to build the anthropocentrism design aesthetics. ZhuangZi’s ideal products are with ordinary material, powerful function and simple ornament. The craftsman made products in accord with Tao, respectingnature and realizing the craftsman’s spiritual autonomy and personal independence. Zhuang Zi expresses deep anxious about human being ruled by lust and instrumental reason, and conceives the establishment of a society without utensils. The design aesthetics in Zhuang Zi is the unity of beauty and goodness . Zhuang Zi contains the sprout ofdemocratic design thought.