谭嗣同“仁为天地万物之源”的多维阐释

Multidimensional Interpretation of Tan Sitong's “Benevolence is the Root of All Living Things”

"仁为天地万物之源"是谭嗣同哲学思想体系建构中的重要命题之一,对于理解谭嗣同的哲学思想具有片言居要的积极意义。谭嗣同"仁为天地万物之源"的命题具有多维指向:从本体论维度来看,其将仁确立为天地万物的本原和宇宙间的最高法则,仁即心、即识,天地万物生灭、流转在于仁、心、识的成毁、造作。从道德伦理维度来看,其将仁看做是全部伦理规范、道德原则的本根,仁之内涵在于博爱,根本属性在于通,通之义在于平等,在于冲决阻碍"中外通、上下通、男女内外通、人我通"之网罗。从认识论维度来看,仁为万物之源,人们对于天地万物的体认便是对仁,即心、识的体认,让一人之心与万有之心彼此相通,以此破除对待,实现平等的价值目标。

As one important proposition in Tan Sitong ＇s philosophical system,that ＂Benevolence is the root ofall living things＂is of positive significance for understanding Tan Sitong ＇s philosophy. The proposition,＂Benevolence is the root of all living things＂is multidimensional. Ontologically,benevolence is considered as the arche of all living things and the supreme principle of the universe. Morally and ethically,benevolence is considered as the root of all ethical norms and moral principles. Epistemologically,benevolence is the root of all living things