30个角堇自交系的主要农艺性状调查与优良杂交组合选育

Investigation of Agronomic Traits and Selection of Good Cross Combinations of 30 Inbred Lines of Viola cornuta

以30个角堇自交系为材料,对其株高、株幅、单株花数和花色进行观测,从中选配18个杂交组合进行授粉试验。结果表明:自交系之间的株高、株幅和单株花数差异较大,花瓣的颜色类型丰富,具有一定的特异性;综合结实率、单株产量和杂交种子发芽率等指标来看,黄色系列和混合色系列的杂交组合授粉效果表现较好,紫色系列的表现最差,红色系列的居中,初步筛选出10个在杂交结实性和产量等方面综合表现较优良的杂交组合:11×26、13×28、1×17、2×17、13×29、2×18、9×24、15×14、8×23和12×27。

Thirty inbred lines of Viola cornuta were observed on the plant height, plant width, the number of flowers of individual plant, and the petal color. Eighteen cross combinations were selected and pollinated. The results showed that there was a significant difference in plant height, plant width and the number of flowers, and there were various petal colors between inbred lines. The performance of seed setting rate, yield and other indicators after pollination showed that the cross combinations of yellow and mixed color are the best, purple is the worst, and red is in the middle. The hybrid combinations with excellent comprehensive performance in terms of cross fruitfulness and yield were selected as follows： 11×26, 13×28,1×17,2×17, 13×29, 2×18, 9×24, 15×14, 8×23 and 12×27.