不同旱地小麦品种产量及籽粒蛋白质含量的差异研究

Study on differences of yields and grain protein contents of different dryland wheat varieties

【目的】筛选旱作麦区高产、优质、高效品种的小麦.【方法】在山西省闻喜县选择12个品种的小麦进行田间试验,测定土壤水分、干物质量、籽粒蛋白含量及产量.【结果】‘洛旱6号’成熟期植株各器官干物质量最高.‘晋麦92’‘运旱20410’‘洛旱6号’为高产稳产品种,‘运旱618’‘运旱719’‘洛旱13号’‘长6359’‘长6697’为低产品种.与低产品种相比,‘晋麦92’‘运旱20410’‘洛旱6号’分别增产42%、38%、42%,‘晋麦92’‘运旱20410’的平均穗数高23%,穗粒数高24%,‘洛旱6号’的千粒质量高45%;水分利用效率分别高34%、56%、24%,且‘晋麦92’‘运旱20410’在降水较少的年份产量和水分利用效率与低产品种间差异更大.此外,通过聚类分析,‘晋麦92’‘运旱20410’为高产高蛋白品种.【结论】从产量、水分利用效率和品质方面综合考虑,‘晋麦92’‘运旱20410’是适宜该区种植的,具有一定的抗旱性、高产、优质、高效的品种.

【Objective】To screen out high-yield,high-quality and high-efficient varieties of wheat suitable in dryland area.【Method】Field trial was conducted by selecting 12 dryland wheat varieties in Wenxi County,Shanxi Province.【Result】Dry weight of different organs of‘LH6＇in mature stagey was the highest.‘JM92＇,‘YH20410＇and ‘LH6＇were high and stable yield varieties,and ‘YH618＇,‘YH719＇,‘LH13＇,‘C6359＇and ‘C6697＇were low-yield varieties.Compared with low-yield varieties,yields of‘JM92＇,‘YH20410＇and ‘LH6＇were increased by 42%,38% and 42%,respectively.Spike numbers of‘JM92＇and‘YH20410＇increased by 23%.Grain numbers per spike of‘JM92＇and ‘YH20410＇were increased by 24%.1000-grain weight of ‘LH6＇was increased by 45%.Water use efficiency of ‘JM92＇,‘YH20410＇and‘LH6＇was increased by 34%,56% and 24%.And there were larger differences on yield and water use efficiency between ‘JM92＇and ‘YH20410＇and low-yield varieties under the condition of less precipitation.‘JM92＇and ‘YH20410＇were classified in the group of high protein content variety.【Conclusion】In terms of yield,water use efficiency and quality,‘JM92＇and‘YH20410＇were suitable for the dryland wheat growing area as high-yield,high-quality and high-efficiency varieties with drought resistance.