益塘水库浮游植物群落特征研究

Community characteristics of phytoplankton in Yitang reservoir

为丰富广东省浮游植物的生物多样性及其群落特征研究,于2010年丰水期(7月)及枯水期(12月)分别对益塘水库4个样点的浮游植物样品进行采集。初步检出浮游植物共70种(含变型和变种),分属7门9纲17目28科51属;其中绿藻、硅藻、蓝藻分别为31,16和12种;其中,小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)、针形纤维藻(Ankistrodesmus aciculars)、月牙藻(Selenastrum bibraianum)、铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)、梅尼小环藻(Cyclotella meneghiniana)等种类在丰、枯水期均能形成优势;而湖沼色球藻(Chroococcus limneticus)、狭细贾丝藻(Jaaginema angustissimum)和四角十字藻(Crucigenia quadrata)仅在丰水期形成优势;颗粒直链藻极狭变种(Melosira granulata var.angustissima)、尖针杆藻(Synedra acus)和薄甲藻(Glenodinium pulvisculus)仅在枯水期形成优势。浮游植物丰度、生物量、Margalef指数、Shannon-Weaver指数和Pielou均匀度指数在丰水期分别(5.46±0.91)×107cells/L,(21.28±4.19)mm3/L,0.98±0.04,2.11±0.15和0.87±0.05;而在枯水期分别为(3.74±0.23)×107cells/L,(86.77±2.72)mm3/L,0.63±0.21,1.92±0.26和0.80±0.16。

To enrich the study of biodiversity and community characteristics of phytoplankton in Guangdong Province, the samples of phytoplankton which were collected from 4 sampling sites of Yitang reservoir in the wet （July） and dry period （December） of 2010. 70 species/subspecies of phytoplankton were identified in Yitang reservoir, which belong to 7 Phyla, 9 Classes, 17 Orders, 28 Families and 51 Genera. Among of them, there were 31, 16 and 12 species/subspecies of Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta, respectively. The Chlorella vulgaris, Ankistrodesmus aciculars, Selenastrum bibraianum, Microcystis aeruginosa and Cyclotella meneghiniana appear in wet and dry periods as the dominant species. The Chroococcus limneticus, Jaaginema angustissimum and Crucigenia quadrata appear in wet period as the dominant species. The Melosira granulata var. angustissima, Synedra acus and Glenodinium pulvisculus appear in dry period as the dominant species. In the wet period, the abundance, biovolume, Margalef index, Shannon-Weaver index and Pielou index of phytoplankton were （5.46±0.91）×10 7 cells/L, （21.28±4.19） mm 3/L, 0.98±0.04, 2.11±0.15 and 0.87±0.05, respectively. And in the dry period, the abundance, biovolume, Margalef index, Shannon-Weaver index and Pielou index of phytoplankton were （3.74±0.23）×10 7 cells/L, （86.77±2.72） mm 3/L, 0.63±0.21, 1.92±0.26 and 0.80±0.16, respectively.