义务教育教辅乱象的成因及治理策略分析

Study on the Disorder of Teaching and Tutoring Materials

义务教育阶段的教辅乱象一直存在,不论是中央不断发文对其进行规制,还是地方教育行政部门对其从严整治,都没能从根本上解决这一问题。教辅乱象存在的主要原因是教辅材料评议推荐中部门与地方利益保护的存在,出版、发行门槛过高极易造成行业垄断,"小升初"和"初升高"激烈的竞争导致"一科多辅"现象盛行,法律责任不明确、追责不力。通过确保教辅材料评议推荐程序公正、信息公开,杜绝"教辅授权"导致的行业垄断,降低"教辅发行"门槛,将"一辅"纳入公共财政以防止"一科多辅"及加大追责力度等措施,能有效解决教辅乱象引发的各种问题。

The disorder of teaching and tutoring materials in the compulsory education stage has existed for a long time. Although many measures have been taken by the central and local educational administration departments,these problems still cannot be solved. The main causes of the disorder of teaching and tutoring materials are the department and local interest protectionism is very popular in review and recommendation stage of teaching and tutoring materials. The high threshold leads to the monopoly of the industry in publishing and issuing stage. The fierce competition of ＂from primary school to junior high school＂and ＂from junior high school to high school＂led to the phenomenon of＂one subject with many teaching and tutoring materials＂. The unclear legal responsibility brings the ineffective supervision. To solve these problems,here are a few measures we should take： first,we must ensure that the procedure is fair and the information is public in review and recommendation stage; secondly,we must eradicate the industry monopoly,which is caused by ＂the authorization of teaching and tutoring materials＂. Thirdly,we must reduce the publishing and issuing threshold of the teaching and tutoring materials. Fourthly,we must integrate ＂one teaching and tutoring material＂into the public finances to prevent ＂one subject with many teaching and tutoring materials＂. lastly,we must enhance accountability efforts. These measures will eradicate the disorder of teaching and tutoring materials.