基于SRM的电动拖拉机驱动系统设计与仿真

Design and simulation of driving system for electric tractor based on SRM

[目的]针对传统拖拉机排放高、传动系统结构复杂、受能源影响大等问题,设计了一种新型电动拖拉机驱动系统。[方法]通过对传动系各部件定性分析以及横向对比各常用电机,选取了基于开关磁阻电机的电动拖拉机驱动系统,在充分发挥电机特性的基础上精简了传动系,增加了布置灵活性;通过最优选择电池型号及组数,提高了续航能力;最后在MATLAB/Simulink8.7环境下对驱动系统进行仿真验证。[结果]分析表明,该电动拖拉机驱动系统具备较高的带载启动能力与一定的连续作业时间,通过对调节器与控制器的控制可实现车辆的无级变速,结合辅助电机及调压电路可实现动力输出装置的独立升降功能。[结论]该研究结果可为电动拖拉机与特种工程车辆驱动系统的优化与设计提供一定的参考。

[Objective]A new type of driving system of electric tractor（ET）was designed to address disadvantages of the traditional tractor,such as high exhaust pollutant emissions,complicated transmission system,and vulnerability by the impact of the fuel supply and Oil Crisis.[Methods]Switched reluctance motor（SRM）of ET were selected based on both qualitative analysis of every single unit of driving system of ET and characteristic comparison between the most commonly used motors in today＇s market.The driving system was simplified by removing gearbox and clutch while maintaining the high productivity of SRM.The improved driving system reduced mechanical losses,and increased layout flexibility.The cruising power was enhanced by optimizing the battery model and group numbers.Simulink8.7（R2016 a）was employed to verify the new developed driving system [Results]The result proved that the driving system of ET displayed higher load carrying capability and longer cruising ability.Continuously variable transmission of ET could be reached out by controlling the regulator and converter,and the PTO lifting function could be managed independently by combining auxiliary DC motor and Cuk Chopper voltage regulation circuit.[Conclusion]The research results laid the foundation for the optimization and improvement of the dynamic driving system of ET and special engineering vehicles without gearbox,and could provide evidences for further research of ET.