啤酒花β酸替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率及肠道形态的影响

Effects of dietary supplementation of lupulus β-acid substitute of antibiotic on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology of weaning pigs

试验旨在研究日粮添加啤酒花β酸替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率及肠道形态的影响。选择健康、体重一致的(25±1)d断奶仔猪600头,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复20头猪。试验日粮采用玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,抗生素组在基础日粮中添加75 mg/kg金霉素,啤酒花β酸组分别在基础日粮中添加0.1%、0.2%和0.4%啤酒花β酸,试验共进行35 d。结果显示:日粮添加啤酒花β酸对断奶仔猪体重、日增重和料比的影响表现为显著的线性关系(P<0.05)。与基础日粮组相比,抗生素组显著提高了断奶仔猪体重、日增重(P<0.05),显著降低了料重比(P<0.05),但与啤酒花β酸组无显著差异(P>0.05)。日粮添加0.1%、0.2%或0.4%啤酒花β酸对断奶仔猪粗脂肪的表观消化率表现为显著的线性效应(P<0.05),其中添加0.4%啤酒花β酸较其他各组显著提高了1~21 d、22~35 d和1~35 d断奶仔猪粗脂肪表观消化率(P<0.05)。日粮添加啤酒花β酸较基础日粮组显著提高了十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P<0.05),较抗生素组显著提高了空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P<0.05)。结果提示:在本试验条件下,日粮添加0.4%啤酒花β酸提高了断奶仔猪的生长速度和饲料利用率,其对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响效果与抗生素一致。

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementation of lupulus β-acid substitute of antibiotic on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology of weaning pigs. A total of 600 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire weaning piglets, 25±1 d,were randomly allocated into the 5 groups with 6 replicates of 20 pigs. The control group fed with the corn-soybean meal basal diet,and the antibiotic or lupulus β-acid treatments were supplementation of 75 mg/kg duomycin, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4% lupulus β-acid in the basal diets,respectively,and the trial last 35 d. Results showed that increasing dietary lupulus β-acid levels improved linearly（P 〈 0.05）body weight,average daily weight gain and feed gain ratio of weanling pigs. The antibiotic treatment improved（P 〈 0.05）body weight, average daily weight gain and feed gain ratio compared to negative control but did not differ from any dietary levels of lupulus β-acid（P 〉 0.05）. Increasing dietary lupulus β-acid levels improved linearly（P 〈 0.05）apparent digestibility of ether extract of feed,but no effects were observed on apparent digestibility of crude protein, and gross energy of feed（P〉0.05） . Supplementation of 0.4% lupulus β-acid had the highest apparent digestibility of ether extract for pigs during 1 ～ 21 d, 22～35 d and 1 ～ 35 d among the groups（P 〈 0.05）. No effect of dietary treatment was observed on villus height and crypt depth of the small intestine（P 〉0.05）. Small intestine villus height and crypt depth of pigs feed with lupulus β-acid increased from d 7 to d 35 of the experiment（P〈 0.05）. In conclusion,we suggest that dietary lupulus β-acid concentrations up to 0.4% improved weanling pig growth rate by affecting the efficiency of feed utilization, as well as observed for antibiotic.