狗爪豆在闽北地区的适应性研究

Preliminary Study on Adaptability of Mucuna cochinchinesis in Northern Fujian

为有效发掘福建省优质乡土饲草及水土保持草种,以"科杂一号大豆"Glycine maxcv.Keza 1和"闽南饲用印度豇豆"Vigna uniguiculata.(L)Walp.‘Minnan'为对照,对地方品种"狗爪豆"Mucuna cochinchinesis Lour.在闽北地区进行适应性比较试验。结果表明,狗爪豆生长旺盛,在早期建植、叶茎比、生育天数等方面均表现良好,年鲜草、干草产量分别为202.34、42.51kg·hm-2,均极显著高于对照。狗爪豆盛花期时粗蛋白含量达21.01%,具有较高的营养价值。但狗爪豆不耐霜冻,在闽北地区无法完成生育期。狗爪豆的高产量和高适应性,使其既可作为重要的饲料作物,又可在土壤改良、水土保持等多方面发挥着积极作用,适宜在闽北地区种植利用。

In search of high quality forage,and at the same time,applicable grass for soil and water conservation in Fujian,Mucuna cochinchinesi Lour was selected for an adaptation trial at Jianyang city in the northern region of the province.For comparison,Glycine max cv.Keza 1 and Vigna uniguiculata（L）Walp.Minnan were used as control.In the test,M.cochinchinesis grew vigorously,performed desirably on early establishment with acceptable number of annual growing and developing days,and showed a high leaf-to-stem ratio at time of harvest.The annual fresh and dry yields of the grass reached 202.34 kg·hm^-2 and 42.51 kg·hm^-2,respectively,which were extremely significantly higher than those of control.It also had high nutritional value with a crude protein content as high as 21.01%.However,the main drawback of M.cochinchinesi was that it did not tolerate frost and had a limited growing season.