日本刀角瓢虫对烟粉虱种群的控制作用评价

Controlling Effect of Serangium japonicum on Population of Bemisia tabaci

在实验室条件下测定了日本刀角瓢虫对烟粉虱的捕食作用和功能反应,并通过田间笼罩试验评价了日本刀角瓢虫对烟粉虱种群的控制作用。结果表明,日本刀角瓢虫成虫和各龄幼虫均可捕食烟粉虱各虫态,其中单头瓢虫雌成虫对烟粉虱卵、1~4龄若虫的日均捕食量分别为640.8粒和514.4、306.0、136.1、70.4头;单头瓢虫1~4龄幼虫对烟粉虱卵的日均捕食量分别为57.8、133.7、403.7、660.9粒;瓢虫雌成虫对烟粉虱卵的功能反应模型属HollingⅡ型,瞬间攻击率(α)为1.0144,处理猎物时间(Th)为0.000 7,单只雌虫每日最大捕食量(1/h)为1 366.78粒;在田间笼罩实验中,释放瓢虫后的第6周,与对照相比,每株释放1、3、5对瓢虫对烟粉虱成虫的控制效果分别达55.31%、73.25%和84.33%,对烟粉虱卵+若虫的控制效果分别达53.82%、83.14%和91.79%。

The predatory ability and functional response of Serangium japonicum on Bemisia tabaci（Homoptera：Aleyrodidae）were evaluated in the laboratory,and potential of the predator in controlling the pest was estimated with a semi-field cage experiment.The results showed that the adults and all-age instar larvae of S.japonicum could prey on B.tabaci of all life stages.The daily average numbers of the egg and the 1 st to the 4 th nymph of the pest consumed by a female adult S.japonicum were 640.8,514.4,306.0,136.1 and 70.4,respectively.The average daily consumptions of a 1 st to a 4 th larva of S.japonicumon B.tabaci eggs were 57.8,133.7,403.7 and660.9,respectively.The functional response of female adult S.japonicumon B.tabaci eggs was determined to be Holling II type,while the attack rate（α）,handling time per egg（Th）and maximum consumption per day（1/h）were calculated to be 1.0144,0.0007 and 1366.78,respectively.Six weeks after releasing one,3 and 5 pairs of S.japonicumper eggplant in the cage,the controlling efficacies were 55.31%,73.25%and 84.33%,respectively,on adult pests,and,53.82%,83.14% and 91.79%,respectively,on immature B.tabaci（including eggs and nymphs）,as compared to CK（no release of the predatory insects）.