参与式健康教育对COPD并发肺部感染住院患者认知、满意度及焦虑状态的影响

Effect of participatory health education on cognition,satisfaction and anxiety of COPD patients with pulmonary infection

目的探讨参与式健康教育对COPD并发急性肺部感染患者的认知、满意度及焦虑状态的影响。方法采用随机数字表随机抽取2015年1月-2017年1月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院呼吸内科住院治疗的COPD并发肺部感染患者共120例作为研究对象,根据是否实施参与式健康教育分为干预组(63例)和对照组(57例),观察2组住院时间、疾病认知得分、焦虑及满意度指标的变化。结果 (1)干预组住院时间短于对照组,满意度评分高于对照组(P<0.05);(2)干预组疾病认知总分、专科护理维度及自我健康管理维度得分高于对照组(P<0.05);(3)干预组焦虑总分及状态焦虑得分高于对照组(P<0.05);(4)影响干预效果的独立因素包括文化程度、病程及是否有并发症(P<0.05)。结论参与式健康教育可以提高COPD肺部感染患者满意度及疾病认知水平、减少焦虑,可以推广实施。但在实施过程中,对文化程度较低、病程短及无并发症的患者应加强力度,以保证干预效果。

Objective To investigate the effect of participatory health education on COPD patients with acute lung infection.Methods 120 patients with COPD complicated with pulmonary infection who were hospitalized in the department of respiratory medicine of the first affiliated hospital of Xinjiang medical university from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected by random number tables.According to whether to implement participatory health education,120 patients were divided into intervention group（63 cases）and control group（57 cases）.The changes of hospitalization time,disease cognition score,anxiety and satisfaction were observed.Results（1）The hospitalization time in the intervention group was shorter than that in the control group,and the satisfaction score was higher than that in the control group（P〈0.05）;（2）The total score of disease cognition,specialized nursing dimension and health management dimension in the intervention group were higher than control group（P〈0.05）;（3）The total anxiety score and state anxiety score of the intervention group were higher than the control group（P〈0.05）;（4）The independent factors affecting the intervention effect included educational level,course of disease and whether there were complications.Conclusion Participatory health education can improve the satisfaction of COPD patients with pulmonary infection and disease cognitive level,reduce anxiety,can be promoted and implemented.However,in the process of implementation,the patients with low educational level,short course of disease and no complications should be strengthened to ensure the effect of intervention.