强地震下高速铁路桥上行车精细化模拟及行车安全性分析

THE ANALYSIS OF RUNNING SAFETY OF HIGH-SPEED-TRAIN ON BRIDGE BY USING REFINED SIMULATION CONSIDERING STRONG EARTHQUAKE

近年来我国高速铁路线路发展迅猛,深入至中西部强地震频发地区,研究强地震下高速铁路桥上行车安全性具有重要的实际意义。该文首先基于多体动力学软件Simpack和地震仿真开源软件OpenSees编制了车辆-轨道-桥梁系统联合仿真程序(SOTTB),该程序发挥了多体动力学软件Simpack和有限元软件OpenSees各自的优势。继而,基于单跨简支梁桥的时程分析,验证了基于OpenSees与Simpack联合仿真思路的正确性和可行性。利用SOTTB程序建立地震作用下高速列车-轨道-桥梁系统精细计算模型,研究在横向地震和轨道不平顺激励下列车的运行安全性。高速列车空间振动模型采用德国ICE动车组,轮轨力计算基于非线性Hertz接触理论和简化Kaller蠕滑理论。结果表明:车辆运行安全性指标和车体的加速度随着地震强度和运行速度的提高有较为明显的增大趋势,横向轮轨力和车体横向加速度受横向地震强度和运行速度影响显著,并且随着地震强度的增大而显著提高。列车的轮重减载率和竖向加速度受地震强度的影响较小,列车的运行速度是影响轮重减载率的主要因素。

In recent years, the high-speed railway Bridge in China is rapidly developing and is toward to the central and western regions with strong earthquakes. Thus, it is of a great significance to study on the train running safety of the High-Speed Railway Bridge. Based on Simpack（multi-body dynamics software） and OpenSees（finite element software）, a co-simulation system of vehicle-track-bridge（SOTTB） is developed, and the SOTTB exerts both advantage. Then, the accuracy and feasibility of the Vehicle-track-bridge Cosimulation system method by Simpack and OpenSees is verified by the time-history analysis of a simply supported bridge.Based on the numerical model of a high-speed train-track-bridge system by SOTTB, the safety of train operation under the excitation of transverse earthquakes and track irregularity is studied. The space vibration model of the German high-speed train（ICE） is adapted, and the wheel-rail force is calculated by Hertzian nonlinear elastic contact theory and simplified Kaller＇s creep theory. The results indicate that there is an obvious trend of increase upon vehicle indicators and body acceleration, with the increase of earthquake intensity and operating speed. The earthquake intensity has a significant effect upon the lateral wheel-rail force and the lateral acceleration of vehicle. The lateral wheel-rail force and the lateral acceleration of vehicle increase significantly with the increase of earthquake intensity. The load reduction rate and vertical acceleration of train are less affected by the seismic intensity, and the speed of train is the main factor that affects the wheel-load reduction rate.