社会支持影响社区老人主观幸福感的实证分析

An Empirical Analysis on the Impact of Social Support on Subjective Well-being of Elderly People in Urban Community

文章采用社会支持量表、社区生活满意度量表和纽芬兰纪念大学幸福量表对合肥市354位社区老年人社会支持和主观幸福感状况进行问卷调查,探讨社会支持对老年人主观幸福感及其认知和情感层面的影响。结果显示,主观支持、支持利用度、朋友的支持与生活满意度在1%的显著水平下呈正相关关系,成年子女的支持与生活满意度在5%显著水平下负相关;支持利用度、朋友的支持与正向情感在1%显著水平下正相关;朋友的支持与负向情感在1%显著水平下显著负相关,支持利用度,主观支持与负向情感在5%显著水平下负相关。结论:社会支持对主观幸福感认知和情感两方面的影响机制不同;支持利用度和源自朋友的支持是提升城市老年人主观幸福感的重要社会支持力量。

Applying Social Support Scale（ SSRS）,Life Satisfaction Scale（ LSS） and Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness（ MUNSH）,this paper conducts a questionnaire survey on the social support and the subjective well-being of354 elderly people in urban communities of Hefei city,and discusses the impact of social support on subjective well-being and its cognitive and emotional levels in elderly people. The results reveal that the perceived support,the support engagement and the support from friends have a positive correlation with life satisfaction at 1% significant level. The support from adult children has a negative association with life satisfaction at 5% significant level; The support engagement and the support from friends have a positive relation with positive affection at 1% significant level; The support from friends has a negative association with negative affection at 1% significant level. The support engagement and the perceived support have a negative relation with negative affection at 5% significant level. The paper concludes that the influencing mechanism of social support on two aspects of subjective well-being cognition and emotion is different. And the support engagement and the support from friends are the important social supports to promote the subjective well-being of elderly people in urban communities.