超声观察胎儿产前及产后心脏横纹肌瘤的变化

Changes of Cardiac Rhabdomyoma Before and After Childbirth by Using Ultrasound

目的探讨心脏横纹肌瘤的超声心动图表现,分析单发及多发横纹肌瘤在产前及产后6个月内的变化趋势。资料与方法回顾性分析2014年1月—2016年1月产前诊断为心脏横纹肌瘤的胎儿11例,超声检查中记录肿瘤大小、数量和解剖部位。11例胎儿分为肿瘤单发组和多发组,两组均在孕期及产后6个月内复查肿瘤变化情况。结果产前11例横纹肌瘤胎儿中,多发组6例,其中5例肿瘤增长,1例肿瘤未变;单发组5例,肿瘤均未变,两组胎儿产前变化趋势差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。11例患儿均随访至出生后6个月,多发组中2例肿瘤消退,4例肿瘤未变;单发组中2例肿瘤消退,3例肿瘤未变,两组患儿产后6个月内差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论心脏横纹肌瘤在产前有增长的趋势,多发者增长可能性大,产后6个月内横纹肌瘤相对稳定,部分出现消退趋势,多发者与单发者无显著差异。

Purpose To discuss the ultrasonic cardiogram of cardiac rhabdomyoma, and to analyze the change trend of single and multiple rhabdomyoma before and 6 months after childbirth. Materials and Methods Eleven fetuses diagnosed as cardiac rhabdomyoma prenatally from January 2014 to January 2016 were analyzed retrospectively, and the tumor size, number and anatomical location were recorded by ultrasound. The 11 fetuses were divided into single group and multiple group, and both groups were reviewed the changes to tumors during pregnancy and within postnatal 6 months. Results For 11 cases with rhabdomyoma, 6 cases were in the multiple group, with tumors growing in 5 cases, and tumors unchanged in 1 case, and 5 cases were in the single group, with all tumors unchanged. The prenatal difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. After six months follow-up of 11 fetuses with cardiac rhabdomyoma, tumor regression occurred in 2 cases of the multiple group, tumors were unchanged in 4 cases, tumor regression occurred in 2 cases of the single group, tumors were unchanged in 3 cases, and there was no significant difference between the fetuses in the two groups within postnatal 6 months（P〉0.05）. Conclusion The cardic rhabdomyoma has a tendency to increase in the prenatal period, and the increase may be significant in the multiple group. The rhabdomyoma is relatively stable within 6 months follow-up after birth, and there is a partial regression trend, without significant difference between single and multiple groups.