文化景观引发的世界遗产分类问题

Classification Issues of World Heritage Initiated by Cultural Landscape

自文化景观的学术观点引入世界遗产以来,人们对世界遗产中的人地关系有了进一步的认识。但由于世界遗产原有的分类体系中自然与人文要素间相互割裂的缺陷,导致文化景观与世界遗产其他类别间的关系以及文化景观各亚类间的关系,不仅没有厘清自然与人文之间的相互关系,反而使自身又陷入自然与人文的分野之中,使得世界遗产的分类体系显得更加混沌,进而将人们对文化景观的认识引向误区。从文化景观的学术视角出发,阐明了其所蕴含的人与自然的关系和过程,论述了世界遗产现行分类体系的不合理性,指出只有更好地吸收文化景观的学术内涵,才能加强对遗产资源的有效识别、准确认知、科学保护和永续发展。

Since the academic viewpoint of cultural landscape were introduced into the World Heritage,it has led to a further understanding of the man-land relationship for people. But because of the defects that natural and humanistic value elements are mutually separated in the original classification system of the World Heritage,the current relationship between cultural landscape and other categories of the World Heritage as well as the classification of its own,not only fails to clarify the relationship between nature and human,but also makes itself into the division of nature and humanity,which makes the classification system of the World Heritage more chaotic,and leads people to misunderstanding of cultural landscape. This paper expounds the relationship as well as the process between human and nature from the academic perspective of cultural landscape,discussing the irrationality of the current classification system,pointing out that only the academic connotation of cultural landscape can be absorbed better,so as to strengthen the effective recognition,accurate cognition,scientific protection and sustainable development of heritage resources.