谷氨酸对哺乳仔猪器官指数、血液生化指标、血脂水平和抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Glutamate on Organ Indices,Blood Biochemical Indexes,Blood Lipid Levels and Antioxidant Capacities of the Suckling Piglets

为研究谷氨酸对哺乳仔猪器官指数、血液生化指标、血脂水平及抗氧化能力的影响。选取体况、胎龄和分娩日期一致的长×大母猪6头,每头母猪选取体重相似的仔猪8头(1.55±0.20 kg),其他的仔猪寄养。每窝仔猪按体重随机分为4个组(2头/组),每天分别按体重灌服0.18 g/kg氯化钠(对照组)、0.06 g/kg谷氨酸钠(低剂量组)、0.50 g/kg谷氨酸钠(中剂量组)和1.00 g/kg谷氨酸钠(高剂量组)。仔猪以每天称重后的体重为标准计算口服谷氨酸钠的剂量。分别于7日龄和21日龄各组每窝随机选取1头仔猪屠宰取样。结果表明:灌服谷氨酸对7日龄和21日龄仔猪心指数、肝指数、脾指数和肾指数均没有显著影响(P>0.05)。灌服高剂量谷氨酸显著升高了7日龄哺乳仔猪血清谷氨酰胺合成酶活性和血红蛋白含量及21日龄哺乳仔猪血清谷氨酰胺合成酶活性(P<0.05),显著降低了21日龄仔猪血清内毒素ET含量及ATPase活性(P<0.05)。灌服中剂量谷氨酸显著降低了7日龄和21日龄哺乳仔猪血清游离脂肪酸含量,对21日龄仔猪血清高密度脂蛋白水平也有显著影响(P<0.05)。灌服中剂量谷氨酸显著升高了7日龄哺乳仔猪血清总抗氧化能力(P<0.05),显著降低了7日龄哺乳仔猪血清谷胱甘肽硫转移酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性及丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。灌服中高剂量谷氨酸显著降低了21日龄仔猪血清谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活性和丙二醛含量(P<0.05),显著升高了21日龄仔猪血清超氧化物歧化酶活性(P<0.05)。因此,灌服谷氨酸能够显著影响哺乳仔猪血液生化和血脂水平。

The object of this study was to investigate the effects of oral administration with glutamate on organ indices,blood biochemical indexes,blood lipid levels and antioxidant capacities of the suckling piglets. Forty-eight healthy piglets（ Duroc × Large White × Landrace; 1 d of age） with similar initial weight and birth date（1. 55 ± 0. 20 kg; 1 d of age） were selected from six sows（8 piglets per sow） and randomly assigned to 4 dietary groups in terms of body weight（BW）. Pigltes were marked by ear tags after birth. The piglets were oral administration with 0. 18 g/kg BW of sodium chloride（ CN group）,0. 06 g/kg BW monosodium glutamate（ LMG group）,0. 50 g/kg BW monosodium glutamate（ MMG group） and 1. 00 g/kg BW monosodium glutamate（HMG group）,respectively. On day 7 of the trial,one piglet was randomly selected from each group,and the samples were collected after blood collection,and the others were slaughtered on the day 21. The results showed that there were no significant differences on the heart,liver,spleen and kidney index at day 7 and day 21. Oral administration with high dose of glutamate increased serum glutamine synthetase activity and hemoglobin content in suckling piglets on day 7 as well as serum glutamine synthetase activity on day 21.Serum endotoxin ET content and ATPase activity in sucking piglets were significantly reduced by oral administration with high dose of glutamate. Oral administration with medium dose of glutamate reduced the serum free fatty acid content on day 7 and 21,and also affected the serum HDL levels on 21 days. Oral administration with medium dose of glutamate increased serum total antioxidant capacity and reduced the activities of serum glutathione transferase and superoxide dismutase and the content of malondialdehyde on day 7. On day 21,the MMG and HMG groups had lower serum glutathione transferase activity and malondialdehyde content and greater serum superoxide dismutase activity than CN group. The results of the present experiment indicate that oral administration with glutamate can affect blood biochemical indices,blood lipid levels and improve the antioxidant capacities of suckling piglets.