停定状态下汽车车轮回正监测装置设计

Design of Automobile Wheel Monitoring Device under Parking Condition

停驶汽车的车轮如果长期处于回正不良状态,会导致车辆四轮定位、转向和悬架等系统的受力状况以及相应参数发生改变,从而影响汽车的操纵稳定性及安全性。本文设计一种由单片机控制系统、测距装置和预警装置三部分组成的监测装置。该装置通过分析停车前车轮的偏转状况,把车轮相对于车辆前进方向的不同偏转角度转换成测距仪的距离参数,反馈到单片机控制系统,通过和车轮无偏转时的标准距离进行比对,判断车轮的状态,显示监测结果,并在必要时发出报警蜂鸣以提示驾驶者调整方向盘摆正车轮。试验结果表明,该装置可完成车轮状态监测、报警的功能,能有效避免停驶车辆因车轮回正不良造成的后续行车安全危害,提高车辆的行驶安全性。该装置的运用可以显著降低车辆转向轮定位参数的调整频率以及转向轮轮胎的更换次数,有利于降低车辆的使用成本和资源消耗。

When the wheels of the parking vehicle are in the undesirable returning, the parameters and stress states of the four wheels alignment system, steering system and suspension system will be changed, which will directly affect the handling stability and safety of the vehicle. This paper has introduced a monitoring device which consists of three parts, single chip microcomputer control system, measuring distance device and warning device. The device analyzes the deflection of the wheel before parking, converts the different angles of the wheel to distance values of measured by the distance measuring device, and feeds back to the single chip microcomputer control system. By comparing the standard distance with the wheel without deflection, the state of the wheel can be judged and the monitoring data will display or alarm to prompt the driver to adjust the steering wheel for returning wheels. The results show that this device can achieve the function of wheel states detection and alarm, and effectively avoid the harms to the vehicle caused by the no-returning wheel, and improve the safety of vehicles. The use of this device can significantly reduce the adjusting frequency of the steering wheel positioning parameters and the changing times of the wheel tire. It is beneficial to reduce the running cost and resource consumption of the vehicle.