中国高技术制造业集聚水平的时空演变特征——基于空间统计标准差椭圆方法的实证研究

The Spatio-Temporal Evolution Features of High-Tech Manufacturing Industry's Agglomeration Level in China——the Empirical Research based on Spatial Statistical Standard Deviational Ellipse

采用空间统计标准差椭圆方法测度2004—2014年中国高技术制造业与5类细分行业集聚水平,采用GIS空间可视化技术分析高技术制造业集聚的时空演变特征。研究结果显示:高技术制造业空间集聚特征明显,集聚中心从东部沿海向内陆方向移动,集聚范围不断扩展,集聚水平呈下降态势,但高技术制造业集聚水平始终高于制造业整体集聚水平;航空航天器及设备制造业的空间分布主要由非市场因素决定;电子及通信设备制造业始终呈"沿海型"集聚分布;医药制造业、医疗仪器设备及仪器仪表制造业集聚水平呈著提高;计算机及办公设备制造业集聚水平明显下降。最后,提出应从加强对高技术制造业转移与承接的引导、积极促进中部地区高技术制造业发展等方面,进一步促进中国高技术制造业持续健康发展。

This paper measures agglomeration level of high-tech manufacturing industry and its five sub-sectors by standard deviational ellipse and analyzes the characteristics of their spatio-temporal evolution by visual technology of the space data of the GIS in China in 2004-2014.The results show that,on the high-tech manufacturing industry,characteristics of spatial agglomeration is obvious,agglomeration center move from the coastal areas into central China,agglomeration size expand,agglomeration level decline but is always higher than that of the whole manufacturing industry;on the sub-sectors of high-tech manufacturing industry,the space distribution of the spacecraft and equipment manufacturing industry is mainly determined by the non-market factors,the electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry concentrates in the coastal areas of China,agglomeration level of the pharmaceutical manufacturing and medical instrument and equipment manufacturing industry improve significantly,while agglomeration level of computer and office equipment manufacturing industry decrease evidently.In order to further promote the sustained and healthy development of high-tech manufacturing industry in China,the guide for industrial transfer and acquisition of high-tech manufacturing industry should be strengthened and the development of high-tech manufacturing industry in central China should be strongly supported.