奥马哈系统在养老机构老年人护理需求中的调查研究

Investigation of Omaha system nursing needs in nursing home for the elderly

目的探讨奥马哈问题分类系统在养老机构老年人环境领域、社会心理领域、生理领域和健康行为领域的护理问题,分析养老机构老年人的护理需求,提高老年人生活质量。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,选取河南省许昌市3所不同等级的民办养老院老年人共252例,运用奥马哈系统调查表、老年人一般资料调查表和老年人护理需求调查表,探讨许昌市民办养老机构老年人护理需求及影响因素。结果依据奥马哈问题分类系统,养老机构老年人常见护理问题中,老年人年龄、文化程度、有无慢性病及能否自理对奥马哈系统的四个领域分别有不同程度的影响。结论我市养老机构老年人护理需求较大,护理人员应了解影响老年人护理需求的相关因素,更好地满足其护理需求,改善生活质量。

Objective To discuss nursing problems of classification system of Omaha question in environmental areas,social psychology areas,physiological areas and health behavior areas of nursing home for the elderly,We analysed the nursing needs of nursing home for the elderly to improve quality of the elderly life. Methods We adopted stratified sampling method,and select 252 cases of the elderly from three different class private nursing homes in Xuchang city Henan province. Next,the survey schedule of Omaha system,survey schedule of general information for the elderly and survey schedule fo nursing needs for the elderly were applied,we also discussed the nursing needs of the elderly and the factor of private nursing homes in Xuchang city. Results According to classification system of Omaha question,age,literacy,chronic disease or not and self-care or not of the elderly affected the four areas of Omaha system inordinately. Conclusion The nursing needs of nursing home for the elderly was greater demand in our city,so related factors of nursing needs for the elderly were known by nurses as the purpose of satisfaction of nursing needs and quality of life improving.