论刚性立法与自组织规则对人口较少民族非物质文化遗产保护之可能贡献

Research on the Contribution of Rigid Legislation and Self-organizing Rules to the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ethnically Minor People

人口较少民族非物质文化遗产保护既要刚性立法予以指导和控制,也需关注维系、嵌入非物质文化遗产自身的民族心理、民族认同等,通过自组织规则的补正功能,在人口较少民族非物质文化遗产保护方面做到"刚柔并济"。相关立法对人口较少民族非物质文化遗产保护的贡献应体现在保护的法律理念、法定范畴的本土化、法律机制的整体构建、单项遗产及类型遗产立法等方面。自组织规则通过调动和发挥自组织优势,加快人口较少民族族群的自治立法,唤起并强化这种民俗团体共同的"归属感"及"主人翁"意识,以自觉促进非物质文化遗产的抢救、保护、传承与可持续发展。

The protection of non-material cultural heritage of ethnic minorities needs both rigid guidance and control,as well as the attention to ethnic psychology and national identity that maintains and embeds the intangible cultural heritage itself. For the protection of intangible cultural heritage,it is to be ＂ hard and soft＂.The contribution of relevant legislation to the protection of non-material cultural heritage of ethnic minorities should be reflected in the legal concepts of protection,the localization of legal categories,the overall construction of legal mechanisms and the legacies of individual heritage and type heritage. The self-organizing rules arouse and strengthen the ＂ sense of belongings＂ and ＂ ownership＂ shared by such folk groups by mobilizing and exerting self-organizational advantages and accelerating the autonomous legislation of less population of ethnic groups,in order to consciously promote the rescue,protection,inheritance and sustainable development of intangible cultural heritage.